摘要
利用青藏高原念青唐古拉峰地区扎当冰川垭口(30°28.07′N,90°39.03′E,5 800 m a.s.l.)、南坡(30°22.87′N,90°40.36′E,5 100 m a.s.l.)和北坡(30°29.06′N,90°37.46′E,5 400 m a.s.l.)三台自动气象站一年的近地层观测资料,分析了该地区温度、湿度、风速风向和辐射等气象要素的季节变化特征,探讨了南、北坡局地气候差异形成的原因。结果表明:垭口、南坡、北坡年平均气温分别为-6.9℃、-1.1℃和-3.4℃;北坡(扎当冰川)消融期气温直减率大,年平均值为0.87℃/100 m;海拔越高,气温日较差、气温直减率波动越大;垭口相对湿度最大,饱和水汽压最小;该地区相对湿度与海拔呈正向关系,而饱和水汽压与之呈反向关系;该地区局地环流特征明显;总辐射5月出现最大值,南坡辐射比北坡小,与大气所含水汽、天空云量、下垫面性质差异等因素有关。
Using one year observational data from three automatic weather stations （AWS） set up in the col of the Zhadang Glacier （30°28.07＇N, 90°39.03＇E,5800 m a. s. 1.） ,the southern slope （30°22.87＇N, 90°40.36＇E, 5 100 m a. s. 1.）, and the northern slope （30°29.06＇N, 90°37.46＇E,5 400 m a. s. 1.） of Mt. Nyainqentanglha in the Tibetan Plateau, the seasonal climatic features have been analyzed, including air temperature, humidity, wind direction and wind speed, saturated water pressure and radiation. The differences between the southern and north- ern slope of Mt. Nyainqentanglha have been discussed. The annual air temperature at the col of Zhadang Glacier, the southern slope and the northern slope is - 6.9℃ riod, the lapse rate of the northern slope （ Zhadang , -1.1℃, Glacier） is and - 3.4℃, respectively. During the ablation period,the lapse rate of the northern slope （Zhadang Glacier） is higher, and the annual value is 0.87℃/100 m.The monthly air temperature range and annual lapse rate fluctuate dramatically in the higher altitude; The altitude has a positive relationship with the relative humidity and a negative relationship with the saturated water pressure in the range, and the maximum saturated water pressure occurs in July; The atmospheric and local circulations are also apparent in the range. The highest monthly total radiation happens in May, and the radiation in the southern slope is lower than the northern slope due to difference of the water vapor in atmosphere, cloud and the surface thermal condition between two slopes.
出处
《山地学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第4期497-504,共8页
Mountain Research
基金
中国科学院"百人计划"
国家自然科学基金项目(4040105440121101)
国家科技部"973"项目(2005CB422004)
中国科学院知识创新工程项目(KZCX3-SW-339)
中国科学院院长基金。~~
关键词
青藏高原
念青唐古拉峰
立体气象观测
局地气候特征
Tibetan Plateau
Mt. Nyainqentanglha
stereoscopic meteorology observation
local circulation
作者简介
游庆龙（1980-）,男,硕士研究生,从事青藏高原现代气候环境变化研究.E-mail：yqingl@126.com.
