摘要
作为少数民族文化内涵的结构体系,象征和结构是表达少数民族文化内涵的最佳方式,同时也是在旅游发展中最值得关注的一个因素。旅游促使旅游者处于某种"阈限"期,从而使游客归于其"生命维持体系"的"朝圣"结构当中。旅游过程中游客会尽力体验"非我文化"并通过特殊的符号与结构体系来理解少数民族的文化。少数民族的符号及其结构体系具有多样性并维系着中华民族的文化和历史的延续。然而,少数民族旅游业的发展也在影响着少数民族文化中符号与结构的"神圣性"。我们只有从"非我文化"或者是"文化异体"的角度,从全面的人文的、综合的角度考虑民族旅游的价值,才能做到民族旅游开发的可持续与和谐。文章从人类学的角度,探讨了旅游开发与少数民族符号与结构体系之间的辩证关系,并提出通过符号与结构体系在旅游开发中的合理安排来实现旅游开发中的工具理性和价值理性。
As a part of ethnic cultural content and structure system, symbol ＆ structure system is the best way to express the ethnic innate character and also the most important fact to be paid attention to in tourism development. If only can we well understood the meaning of symbol systems of cultural which belongs to ＂the others＂ from the ＂local knowledge＂, can we truly well understood the real meaning of ethnic culture and thereby can we develop the ethnic tourism . From the angle of the tourists, the tourism puts the tourists in a＂limited phase＂ of ＂Life-keeping system＂ as a form of ＂pilgrimage＂. In the process of travel, the tourists try to seek some experiences of the ＂no-me culture＂ and try to understand the ethnic culture content. We must pay much attention to whether there has a difference on the feeling to the symbol ＆ structure system between the tourists and the native people. As a component part of the Chinese culture, the ethnic minority＇s culture and their symbols ＆ structural systems have their varieties. The symbols and structures keep the cultural history and society in order. The development of ethnic minority tourism changed the ＂sacred＂ symbol system. Only if when we perceive theour-tourism ＇ development from the ＂no-me-cultural＂ and ＂cultural differences＂ position, from a comprehensive human and integrated perspective of national tourism value can sustainable and harmonious development of Chinese tourism will be. From the point view of anthropology, the paper discussed the relationships between tourism development and eth- nic symbols and structure. The paper also present the idea of realizing the rational and rational values of tourism development by reasonable arrangement of the symbol and structural system.
出处
《福建师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
CSSCI
北大核心
2007年第5期141-147,共7页
Journal of Fujian Normal University:Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition
关键词
旅游人类学
符号
象征体系
阈限
anthropology of tourism, symbol , structure, system
作者简介
张瑛（1965-），女，福建泉州人，中央民族大学管理学院副教授。主要从事民族文化旅游、旅游开发与规划、旅游管理等教学和研究工作。
李建明（1982-），男，青海门源人，中央民族大学民族学与社会学学院人类学专业硕士研究生。
