摘要
目的了解下呼吸道感染患者的痰培养病原菌分布及耐药性,指导临床合理用药。方法从下呼吸道分离出992株病原菌进行耐药性分析。结果分离菌株中,革兰阳性(G+)细菌中以金黄色葡萄球菌最多占37.17%,表皮葡萄球菌占16.75%。革兰阴性(G-)细菌中以大肠埃希菌最多占20.82%,铜绿假单胞菌占17.38%,醋酸钙不动杆菌占11.31%,枸橼酸杆菌占16.72%。产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)细菌的总检出率为17.2%,其耐药性明显高于非ESBLs。G+球菌对万古霉素均敏感,其次为磷霉素、诺氟沙星。G-细菌对亚胺培南及头孢哌酮舒巴坦及左氧氟沙星有较高的敏感性。结论G-细菌为呼吸道感染的主要病原菌,临床应根据病原菌的种类(包括真菌)进行药敏试验,合理选择抗生素,以减少耐药性及致命的二重感染。
Objective To understand sputum cuhivated pathogenic bacterium distribution and drug resistance analysis on patients suffered from lower respiratory tract infection, and to guide the rational drug administration in clinic. Methods 992 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from the lower respiratory tract to perform drug re sistance analysis. Results Among the isolated gram positive bacteria, staphylococcus aureus was the most （acounting for 37.17%）, and the next was staphylococcus epidermidis （16.75%）. In the isolated gram negative bacteria, the positive rate of E. coli, pseudomonas aeruginosa, acinetobacter calcoaeeticus and citrobacter was 20. 82%, 17.38%, 11.31% and 16. 72% respectively. The total isolating rate of extended spectrum β lactamases （ESBI.） producing bacteria was 17.2 %, with a higher drug resistance. The gram positive coccobacteria were most sensitive to vancomycin, next to fosfomycin and norfloxacin. The gram negative bacteria were most sensitive to imipenem, cefoperazone/ sulbactam and levofloxacin. Conclusion Gram negative bacteria were the main pathogenic bacteria invol ving in respiratory tract infection. Drug resistance test should be carried out according to the variety of pathogenic bacteria （including mycetes） so as to guide rational use of antibiotics and decrease drug resistance and fatal dual infection.
出处
《检验医学与临床》
CAS
2007年第9期812-813,共2页
Laboratory Medicine and Clinic
关键词
痰培养
下呼吸道感染
药物敏感试验
sputum culture
lower respiratory tract infection
drug sensitivity test
作者简介
郑州大学基础医学院在职研究生
