摘要
目的监测中国艾滋病病毒(HIV)感染流行趋势,为制定艾滋病防治规划和进行干预活动提供准确的信息。方法以重复横断面调查的方法对性病门诊就诊者、暗娼、吸毒者和男性同性恋等高危人群进行监测。结果(1)24.2%(29/120)的性病门诊就诊者哨点检出HIV抗体阳性者,阳性率均低于5%。(2)27.3%(18/66)的暗娼哨点检出阳性者,多数处于较低水平(<5.0%),个别的暗娼哨点HIV抗体阳性率较高,如四川达州市大竹县和湖南省衡阳市分别为10.5%和5.2%。HIV阳性者中45.3%有注射毒品史,部分地区暗娼有注射吸毒史的比例高达50%;暗娼人群中报告每次性行为使用安全套比例的中位数为38.7%。(3)72.7%(56/77)的吸毒者哨点检出HIV抗体阳性者,各哨点阳性率差异较大,最高是四川达州市大竹县,为69.7%;其次为新疆伊宁市,为68.0%。阳性率高于20%的哨点集中于四川、新疆、广西和湖南等省份;吸毒者中注射吸毒比例的中位数为64.1%,注射吸毒者中共用注射器比例的中位数为46.8%。(4)3个男性同性恋哨点中,安徽合肥市的HIV抗体阳性率为3.3%,其余两个哨点均低于1%;男性同性恋肛交时使用安全套的比例仍很低。结论中国HIV感染疫情仍呈蔓延扩散之势。吸毒人群中高比例注射吸毒及高比例共用注射器行为,暗娼及男性同性恋中的低安全性行为,提示需要进一步加大有效干预措施的力度及覆盖面。
Objective To monitor the trend of HIV infection in China and provide accurate information for policymaking on AIDS prevention and control program. Methods Cross-sectional sentinel surveys have repeatedly been condueted in China. The target populations in these surveys were STD clinic attenders, female sex workers, drug users, and men who have sex withmen （MSM）. Results （1） Although the prevalent rates were less than 5% among STD clinic attendees, HIV infection was found in 24.2% （29/120） of sentinel sites; （2） In 27.3% （18/66） of sentinel sites female sex workers were found HIV positive, most with a less than 5% prevalent rates. In cities of Dazhu, Sichuang and Henyang Hunan, HIV prevalent rates were 10.5% and 5.2%, respectively; 45.3% of HIV positive had IDU history, and in some sites 50% of female sex worker had IDU history. The median of the proportion of consistently using condom in FSW was 38.7% ; （3） 72.7% of sentinel sites on drug users found HIV infection with various HIV prevalent rates, such as Dazhu Sichuang and Yining Xinjiang, 69.7% % and 68.0%, respectively. Most sites with the HIV prevalent rate over 20 % were in Sichuan, Xinjiang, Guangxi and Hunan provinces. The median of the proportion of IDU among drug users and the rate of needles sharing in IDU were 64.1% and 46.8%, respectively. （4） In 3 sites on MSM, HIV prevalent rate in Hefei Anhui was 3.3 %, and others were below 1%, but the proportion of using condom during anal sex are still low. Conclusion HIV infection is spreading among high risk populations. There are many risks factors involved in the spread of HIV among IDUs, female sex workers and MSM, and more comprehensive measures are urgently needed to prevent and control HIV further transmission in China.
出处
《中国艾滋病性病》
CAS
2007年第1期1-3,共3页
Chinese Journal of Aids & STD
作者简介
中国疾病预防控制中心性病艾滋病预防控制中心，北京100050 李东民（1974-），男，云南省昆明市人，助理研究员，从事艾滋病哨点监测工作。
