摘要
从辣椒田、番茄田、林地土壤中分离、筛选拮抗辣椒疫霉的微生物,对拮抗作用较强的菌株的抗菌持久力及抗菌谱进行测定,并对拮抗作用较强的细菌菌株B100、B148在辣椒根部的定植情况进行探讨。结果表明:①在辣椒田、番茄田土样的真菌分离物中,拮抗菌株的比例最高,分别占真菌分离物的40%和45%,而林地土样中,拮抗细菌与真菌的比例接近,分别为21．28%和28．16%。②放线菌中以A001菌株对辣椒疫霉的作用最强,抑菌带宽达22．7 mm,生长抑制率达92．9%,拮抗持久力可达20 d,对其他6种病原菌的作用也较强;细菌中B100菌株抑制能力最好,对7种植物病原菌的抑菌带宽为11．3～18．5 mm,生长抑制率为50．0%～84．3%;在盆栽试验中,B148、B214对辣椒疫病的防治效果最好,分别达99．38%和97．88%。③B100可在辣椒根部稳定定殖,处理后20 d根部的菌量仍达7．06×10~5cfu·g^(-1)(根重),而B148的定殖能力则明显差于B100。
Antagonistic microorganisms of Phytophthora blight of pepper were collected from rhizosphere soil of growing pepper, tomato and forest field in Jiangsu Province. Antagonistic isolates were 40% and 45% in those of fungi isolates from both pepper and tomato fields. However, that the proportion of antagonistic bacteria was similar to that of antagonistic fungi isolated from woodland soil. The isolate A001 showed strong inhibitory effects on Phytophthora capsici the caused agent of pepper blight in vitro, the clean zone width by A001 was 22. 7 mm and the inhibitory rate was 92.9%. Isolate A001 showed antagonistic activities against other tested pathogens such as Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Lycopersici , Fusarium graminearum , Collectotrichum capsici , Alternaria solani and M ycosphaerella melonis. Isolate B100 strongly inhibited the myeelial growth of 7 pathogens, the width of clean zone and inhibitory rate were 11.3-18.5 mm and 50. 0%- 84. 3%, respectively. In pot experiment, isolate B148 and B214 strongly suppressed the Phytophthora blight of pepper, and the efficacy rate were 99.38% and 97. 88%, respectively, at three days after treatment. Isolate B100 successfully colonized in the root of pepper, maintained the population density in the root of pepper up to 7.06× 10^5 cfu · g^-1 （root weight） until 20 days after inoculation. The isolate B148 was much less than isolate B100.
出处
《扬州大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第4期93-97,共5页
Journal of Yangzhou University：Agricultural and Life Science Edition
基金
国家高技术研究发展计划项目(863-2002AA244041)
关键词
辣椒疫霉
生物防治菌株
筛选
定殖
Phytophthora capsici L.
biocontrol agent
screening
root colonization
作者简介
袁树忠（1963-），男，江苏丹阳人，扬州大学副教授、在职博士研究生，主要从事植物病害和杂草控制技术研究。
周明国,联系作者，E-mail：mgzhou@njau．edu.cn
