摘要
目的分析重症监护病房(ICU)医院感染的病原菌分布及其耐药现状,为临床合理用药和控制医院感染提供依据。方法对2001-2004年从ICU医院感染患者的各类标本中分离出的病原菌,采用K-B纸片扩散法进行敏感试验,对致病菌耐药率进行分析。结果以呼吸道标本的分离率最高为60.77%,病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主占47.69%、真菌37.69%占第2位、革兰阳性球菌14.62%;细菌的耐药率普遍较高,耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌(MRS)检出率为81.82%;大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌的ESBLs检出率分别为75.00%和57.14%。结论ICU是医院感染的高发科室,主要致病菌常为多重耐药菌;加强其病原菌分布及耐药率监测,对指导临床合理用药、减少多重耐药菌产生、降低医院感染率,具有重大意义。
OBJECTIVE To analyze the status quo of pathogenic bacteria distribution and drug resistance of hospital infection in intensive care unit, to provide evidence for the guidance of clinical rational administration and to decrease the hospital infection. METHODS Pathogenic bacteria were isolated from patients who suffered from hospital infection in intensive care unit from 2001 to 2004. K-B slip diffusion method was taken to carry out the sensitive test. Rate of drug resistance of the pathogenic bacteria was analyzed. RESULTS As the bacteria distribution, the highest isolated rate was 60. 77%, which was isolated from the sample of respiratory tract. The main pathogenic bacteria were the Gram-negative bacilli （47. 69%）. And the second pathogenic bacteria were the mycetes （37. 69%）. The Gram-positive cocci （14.62%） occupied the third. The monitoring of the drug resistance showed that rate of the drug fast was rather higher. The detection rate of the meticillin-resistant staphylococci was 81.82%. The detection rate of the ESBLs from the Escherichia coli and the Klebsiella pneumoniae was 75.00% and 57. 14%, respectively. CONC USIONS Intensive care unit is one of the highest risk departments for the hospital infection. Generally, the pathogenic bacteria are the multidrug-resistant ones. Enhanced monitoring on pathogenic bacteria distribution and drug resistance analyses of hospital infection in intensive care unit could benefit for the guide of clinical rational administration, the depression of muhidrug-resistant bacteria, and the decrease in hospital infection.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第12期1426-1428,共3页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
重症监护病房
医院感染
病原菌
耐药性
Intensive care units Hospital infection
Pathogenic bacteria
Drug resistance
