摘要
目的分析近年东莞市狂犬病流行特征及存在的问题,探讨发病率回升的因素并提出相应的防制对策。方法收集2000～2005年东莞市狂犬病疫情报告、病例调查及监测资料进行分析。结果2000～2005年,全市共报告狂犬病例数51例。其中本地暴露感染17例,占33.33%;外地暴露感染34例,占66.67%。病例呈逐年增长趋势,2002年后本地感染病例增幅较大,主要分布在石碣、大朗、东坑、常平和大岭山等5个镇,集中了全市82.35%的本地感染病例。病例以犬伤感染为主,70%以上病例未进行任何伤口处理和免疫接种。发病最多的为民工(49.02%),其次为农民(27.45%);男女之比为2∶1。全年均有病例发生,夏秋季相对较多。结论外地暴露感染的输入病例多,本地感染病例增长快,犬只数量多且缺乏监管,犬只免疫率极低,犬伤人数持续增长,伤后大多未进行伤口处理和免疫接种,部门之间管理脱节、重视不够等是我市狂犬病发病率回升的原因,因此应加强以上各方面的管理。
Objective To analyze the epidemic situation of human rabies in the past 5 years in Dongguan, explore the possible factors causing the increase of cases, and provide scientific basis for making preventive and control measures. Method The individual survey, Dongguan City infection report and other surveillance data of rabies in 2000-2005 were collected and analyzed. Result There were 51 rabies cases in 2000-2005 in Dongguan City, 17 cases of local infection （33.33%） and 34 imported cases （66.67%）. Number of reported rabies cases was rising year by year. The number of cases of resident population was rising rapidly after 2002 and mainly occurred in Shijie , Dalong, Dongkeng, Changping and Dalingshan area, accounted for 82.35% of the total cases of resident population. It was noticed that more than 70% cases had no treatment of the wounds and no vaccination. 49.02% of the infection was occurred in workers and 27.45% in farmers. The ratio of male to female of the infected people was 2：1. The cases occurred all year round, and were more during summer and autumn. Conclusion Number of cases increased in the resident and floating populations, the number of dogs increased, low inoculation rate of dogs, poor control on the quality of rabies vaccine, mistreatment to the wounds, and lacking good cooperation between different official departments are the possible factors responsible for the recurrence of rabies. Therefore it is necessary to focus on these points and to take comprehensive preventive measures to reduce prevalence of rabies in Dongguan City.
出处
《热带医学杂志》
CAS
2006年第8期913-915,共3页
Journal of Tropical Medicine
关键词
狂犬病
流行特征
防制对策
rabies
epidemic characteristics
preventive measures
作者简介
钟新光（1967-），男，副主任医师，主要从事疾病预防控制工作。
