摘要
稻田排水是南方地区氮磷损失和面源污染的主要途径。农田氮磷通过降雨击溅侵蚀、排水沟坡面和沟底冲刷进入地表径流。控制排水可减少地面排水量和排水中氮磷浓度,尤其是降低径流中氮磷浓度,从而减少稻田氮磷损失。土壤颗粒沉淀、硝化、反硝化反应以及作物吸收是排水中氮磷浓度降低的主要原因。通过控制涝水在稻田和排水沟中的滞留时间,增加排水沟口溢流堰高度,降低径流水力坡度和挟沙能力是控制排水的主要手段。最后提出了稻田控制排水需要进一步研究的问题。
Surface drainage from paddy field is the major way for loss of nitrogen（N） and phosphorus（P） and widespread pollution in south region. Rain splash erosion, loss of topsoil from slope and bottom of farm furrow resulted in the entrance of N and P into surface runoff. Controlled drainage can reduce surface drainage quantity and concentration of N and P in drainage water, especially in surface runoff, thus reduce the loss of N and P from paddy field. Deposition of soil granules, nitrification, denitrification, and plant absorption are the major reasons for the decrease of concentration of N and P in drainage water. Controlled Drainage can be conducted through controlling drainage time from paddy field, enhancing the elevation of weir in drainage furrow, decreasing hydraulic slope of runoff and sediment-carrying capacity. Several issues need further investigation were suggested in the end.
出处
《节水灌溉》
北大核心
2006年第4期32-33,36,共3页
Water Saving Irrigation
关键词
稻田
控制排水
氮磷损失
paddy field
controlled drainage
loss of nitrogen and phosphorus
作者简介
陈晓东（1979-），女，硕士研究生。
