摘要
目的通过对51个地下空间空气中微生物检测,了解地下空间空气中微生物污染状况。方法1992—2004年对华北地区51个地下空间,按通风状况分为密闭型(12个)、通风型(21个)、半密闭型(18个)。用撞击法和沉降法检测空气中细菌总数、真菌数、链球菌及厌氧菌。分离出的黄曲霉菌用ELISA方法检测黄曲霉毒素B1。结果地下空间空气中细菌总数符合GJB3768—1999《屯兵坑道环境卫生学要求》,半密闭型地下空间房间和通道空气中细菌总数、真菌数的监测结果均高于相应对照(P<0.01)。鉴定出的2845株真菌中,青霉属及曲霉属为优势菌,分别占41.5%及19.1%。73株黄曲霉菌中黄曲霉毒素B1阳性者9株,占12.3%。通风型、密闭型地下空间通道和房间空气中厌氧菌高于相应对照组(P<0.01或P<0.05),链球菌与相应对照组相比,差异无统计学意义。密闭型通道空气中厌氧菌分别是半密闭型及通风型通道的4.2倍及3.8倍。结论地下空间房间和通道空气中含有大量真菌和厌氧菌,对进驻人员健康有一定危害。
Objective To understand the air pollution by microorganisms in the underground spaces. Methods 51 underground spaces were investigated, the impact and sedimentation sampling methods were employed and the total bacterial count, mycetes, streptococcus and anaerobes in air were determined. ELESA was used to detect aflatoxin B1 in aspergillus flavus isolated from air. Results The total bacterial count in the air in underground spaces accorded with the military health standard. In the semi-closed spaces,the mycetes counts were 5 950 cfu/m^3 and 9 500 cfu/m^3 in aisle and rooms respectively, significanfly higher than those in control group （P〈0.01）. Blue mold and eurotium accounted for 19.1% and 41.5% （60.6% in total） among 2 845 strains of mycetes. Of 73 strains of aspergillus flavus, 9 produced aflatoxin B1, which accounted for 12.3%. Since the closed underground space was oxygen deficient, anaerobes in these aisles were 4.2 and 3.8 times of that in semi-closed and opened aisles respectively. Conclusion The investigated underground spaces have been polluted by myeetes, anaerobes,that may damage human health.
出处
《环境与健康杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第3期239-241,共3页
Journal of Environment and Health
基金
北京军区科研课题(02A004)
关键词
空气污染
室内
地下空间
微生物
健康效应
Air pollution, indoor
Underground space
Microorganism
Health effect
作者简介
郑世英（1935-）,男,主管技师,从事地下环境卫生学研究.
