摘要
土壤侵蚀引起土壤肥力下降、土地退化及荒漠化和生态环境恶化等一系列区域性和世界性的重大环境问题。中国是土壤侵蚀最严重的国家之一。遥感是进行环境和灾害动态监测的有效技术手段。自从20世纪70年代以来,人们就开始应用遥感技术进行土壤侵蚀的调查。对遥感技术在土壤侵蚀调查中的应用方法进行概括和汇总,分别是影像判读法、指数提取法、图像分类法、光谱分解和正射影像DEM提法等方法,分析不同方法之间的优缺点以及它们各自的适用范围,并结合当前研究的热点问题,指出未来研究的重点及趋势。
Soil erosion is the main reason for environment degradation globally. China is undergoing the severest erosion. Remote sensing is the only method that can monitor land exhaustively and directly by providing good coverage of the earth at a great range of scales. Since 1970s people have already utilized remote sensing to monitor soil erosion and do risk assessing. This paper tries to gather and review the currently remote sensing approaches in soil erosion monitoring. This paper describes several methods for effective erosion monitoring of large land areas, including： visual interpretation, vegetation index derivation, digital image classification, spectrum mixture modeling, digital elevation analysis obtained by orthorectified aerial photography. This paper discusses the dominances and limitations of these methods. We can choose a suitable method depending on the extent of erosion information obtained, application objectives, accessed da.ta and other aspects. In China visual interpretation is the general-used method among these methods. Vegetation index derivation can be combined with soil erosion model well. Other methods were used less. With the development of remote sensing, it can be believed that remote sensing techniques would empower land managers to dynamically use satellite imagery for environmental management. The relationship of dynamic change detection and soil erosion mechanism, different resolution image integration use and microwave application in soil erosion monitoring should be paid more attention in coming research.
出处
《遥感技术与应用》
CSCD
2005年第5期537-542,共6页
Remote Sensing Technology and Application
基金
官厅密云水库上游水土保持监测系统(HW-STBC2002-01)
关键词
土壤侵蚀调查
遥感应用
Soil erosion monitoring, Remote sensing application
作者简介
周为峰（1978-）．女，博士生，主要从事遥感与地理信息系统应用及生态环境监测等领域的研究工作。
