摘要
利用青海高原气象台站的年平均地温资料,建立了年平均地温与海拔和经纬度的关系模型,结合地理信息分析系统和DEM数据模拟出青海高原的冻土分布图,分析了青海高原多年冻土对气候变化的响应。结果表明:气候变暖已引起高原多年冻土面积的减少和冻土下界的升高,特别是在多年冻土边缘不衔接或岛状冻土区发生比较明显的退化。20世纪60年代与90年代相比,高原多年冻土下界分布高度上升约71 m,季节性冻土厚度平均减小20 cm。年最大冻土深度变化的空间分布特征与青海高原近40年来气温变化的空间特征相一致。
Using the annual averaged ground surface temperature data of meteorological observation over Qinghai Plateau, the relationship models of annual mean ground temperature and altitude as well as latitude/longitude are established, combining with geographic information analysis system and DEM data, the permafrost distribution map over Qinghai Plateau is also simulated, the response of permafrost to climate warming and its impacting on ecology environment over Qinghai Plateau are finally analyzed. The resuits show that the permafrost area of Plateau is decreasing while its bottom is ascending with the global warming, especially, this kind of degeneration is getting more significant over the disconnected margin of permafrost and island-like region of permafrost. Comparing with 1960＇s, the distribution height of permafrost bottom in 1990＇s over Plateau has been ascending approximately 71 m, while the seasonal depth of permafrost has decreased to 19 cm. The spatial distribution characteristic of annual variation of maximum permafrost depth corresponds with the spatial characteristic of air temperature variation over Qinghai Plateau in 40 years.
出处
《高原气象》
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第5期708-713,共6页
Plateau Meteorology
基金
中国科学院知识创新项目(KZCX1-SW-04
KZCX3-SW-321)
国家自然科学基金项目(40465002)共同资助
关键词
青海高原
冻土
年平均地表温度
气候增暖
Qinghai Plateau
Permafrost
Annual mean ground surface temperature
Climate warming
作者简介
汪青春（1962-），男，青海湟中县人，高级工程师，主要从事气候和应用气候服务研究。Email：QINGCHUN-WANG@SOHU．COM
