摘要
目的:分析9～16岁女性骨密度(BMD)值的差异及相关影响因素。方法:随机选取广西省桂林市和广东省广州市714名青春发育期女性(9～16岁) ,采用跟骨超声骨密度仪测量BMD ,采用问卷调查了解对骨密度有影响的生活因素。结果:青春期女性BMD 12岁较9岁高4 4 % ,14岁较12岁高6 . 0 % ,16岁较14岁高2 5 % ;户外活动时间超过6小时/周的女性BMD值高于不足6小时/周者(P <0 . 0 5 ) ;摄入牛奶量≥1杯/天(2 0 0ml/杯)的女性BMD值高于摄入不足1杯/天者(P <0 .0 5 ) ;月经初潮早的女性BMD值比月经初潮晚的女性高(P <0 . 0 5 )。逐步回归分析表明,对青春期女性BMD有影响的因素为月经来潮年限、体重和牛奶摄入量。结论:12～14岁是青春期女性BMD的快速增长期,青春期女性身高增长与BMD增长不同步;月经初潮晚于平均年龄的女性BMD值低;积极参加户外活动对青春期女性BMD积累有一定作用;维持适宜的体重和一定量牛奶的摄入有利于提高青春期女性BMD和达到理想的峰值骨量。
Objective To analyze the bone mineral density（BMD）and the correlated influence factors ingirls. Methods BMD and partial physical development variables of 714 girls, aged 9 to 16, were examined in Guangdong and Guangxi province and a questionnaire was administered to all subjects to determine their milk intake, physical activity, menarche, and regularity of menstruation. Results BMD in girls increased by 4.4% at age of 9 - 12, increased by 6.0% at age of 12 - 14, and increased by 2.5% at age of 14 - 16. Compared with girls having less than six- hour outdoor exercise, those having more than six - hour outdoor exercise revealed higher BMD levels （ P 〈 0.05）. The BMD of girls whose milk intake was more than one cup per day was greater than that of girls whose milk intake was less than one cup per day（ P 〈 0.05）. Menarche at earlier age was associated with a higher BMD（ P 〈 0.05）. In stepwise regression analysis, factors that affected BMD of girls during puberty were age of menarche, weight, and milk intake. Conclusion The rapid incremental stage of BMD in girls during puberty is between 12 and 14 years of age. The increment of height in pubertal girls correlated negatively with the increment of BMD. Late menarche and low body weight could probably result in osteoporosis. Keeping proper weight and ensuring adequate milk intake （ 〉 200ml/day） might be effective for promoting BMD of girls during puberty.
出处
《中国运动医学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第3期322-325,共4页
Chinese Journal of Sports Medicine
基金
国家体育总局乒乓球羽毛球运动管理中心资助。
作者简介
通讯作者：张素珍，Email：zhangsuzhen3552@sina．com；Tel：021-51253287
