摘要
松材线虫在中国被认为是最具有破坏性和威胁性的外来入侵生物种之一.松材线虫潜在的区域扩散不论是从环境保护的角度还是从经济损失的角度都会对森林生态系统健康的服务功能和美学价值产生很大的影响.在中国存在很多的松材线虫容易感染的寄主植物,其中日本黑松和马尾松已经被证明是最容易感染的树种.媒介昆虫松墨天牛(MonochamusalternatusHope),是松材线虫病在中国传播的主要媒介昆虫.这种天牛主要分布在河北及河北南部的大部分省份,其大范围存在使松材线虫病在中国更大区域的传播和扩散成为可能.中国大部分地区的温度和积温都适合松树萎蔫病病原线虫和媒介昆虫的大面积发生.利用GIS对传媒昆虫、寄主树木、病原线虫以及气候等空间信息处理和分析,得出松材线虫病在中国有着极大扩散和传播可能,其中广东部分地区、广西和福建部分地区为松树萎蔫病理论上发生最为严重的区域;安徽、江苏、浙江、上海、湖南、湖北、贵州、四川、河南和山东部分地区为松树萎蔫病理论上发生的适宜区.科学的预防和严格的地区间检疫等措施对目前防止松材线虫更大范围内传播很有必要.
The pine wood nematode is the pathogeny for the pine wilt disease. In China, it was believed to be one of the most destructive invasive species and its potentially filrther regional range expansion can impose a great threat to the health of the ecosystem. There have been a variety of susceptible Bursaphelenchus xylophilus host plants in China, among which, Pinus thunbergii Parl. and Pinus rnassoniana Lamb, are the main host plants for this pathogeny. The insect Monocharnus alternatus Hope is the main pathogeny vector. The current presence of this beetle across large regions of China greatly increases the likelihood of the range expansion of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus. Integrating the pathogeny status, host plants distribution, climate fitness via GIS model, the coming trend of the pine wilt disease invasion in China were theoretically derived, from which most part of Guangdong, Guangxi and part of Fujian Province are theoretically regarded as the most severely pine wilt disease infested regions, and Anhui, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Hunan, Hubei, Guizhou, Sichuan, Henan and part of Shandong are theoretically suitable regions for the pine wilt disease development. Scientific and regional strictly quarantine measures should be taken in time to cope with the greater range expansion of this disease.
出处
《兰州大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第5期27-32,共6页
Journal of Lanzhou University(Natural Sciences)
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(40205015).
关键词
松材线虫
病原
入侵
地理信息系统
Bursaphelenchus xylophilus
pathogeny
invasion
geography information system
作者简介
张志诚（1973-），男，博士，副研究员．
