摘要
本文利用逐步降温诱导，以食物平衡法对青海高原的根田鼠（Ｍｉｃｒｏｔｕｓ ｏｅｃｏｎｏｍｕｓ）的最大同化能量进行了测定，设有５个实验温度；２３℃，１５℃，１０℃，５℃和３℃，结果显示每个动物每天能量摄入于 ５℃大， １９７． １４±８．６６ＫＪ；同样，消化能、消化率、同化能和同化率也于 ５℃８大，分别为１２３．９６±１３．０５ＫＪ，６３．０±４．８％，１２１．７７±１３．５２ＫＪ和５１．４±５．２％；消化率与同化率３℃最小，分别为５１．５±３．９％和５０．４±４．０％．根田鼠的最大同化能量为基础代谢率（ＢＭＲ）的３．２—３．５倍，明显高于以平均每日代谢率（ＡＤＭＲ）估测的每日能耗，故在自然生境中根田鼠的能量收支很少达到其生理上限，其生存价较高．
Root vole (Microtus oeconomus) is a dominat species in the alpine meadow ecosystem. In order to understand their adaptive strategies to the cold high altitude environments, the maximum energy assimilation rate in spring-summer acclimatized nonreproducing voles was estimated by means of feeding trials after gradual cold acclimation. Five experimental temperatures were applied: 23℃, 15℃, 10℃, 5℃ and 3℃. The energy intake was highest at 5℃, reaching 197. 14± 8. 66kJ/day or 8. 92 ± 0. 15kJ/g. day. Similarly, the digested energy, digestibility, assimilated energy, and assimilation coefficient reached the peak values at 5℃, they were 123. 96 ± 13. 05kJ/animal/day, 63.0±4. 8%, 121. 77 ± 13. 52kJ/animal/day or 5. 48± 0. 48kJ/g. day, and 61. 4± 5. 2%, respectively. The lowest digestibility and assimilation occurred at 3℃, being 51. 5 ± 3. 9%, and 50. 4±4. 0%, respectively. Comparing with previous investigations on the basal metabolic rate (BMR), the maximum energy assimilation in root vole was 3. 2-3. 5 xBMR. it was much higher than that of average daily energy expenditure estimated by average daily metabolic rate (ADMR), but close to that obtained by Karasov (1981) by means of doubly labeled water method for mammals. Our results indicated that root voles have a high survival cost to cope with the alpine environmental characteristics, i. e. large temperature difference between day and night and relative small temperature difference within a year. The energy budgets of voles rarely approach the actual upper limit of their assimilation capacity.
出处
《动物学报》
SCIE
CAS
CSCD
1996年第1期35-41,共7页
ACTA ZOOLOGICA SINICA
基金
中国科学院"八.五"项目部分资金
国家自然科学基金资助。
关键词
啮齿目
根田鼠
最大同化能量
Microtus oeconomus, Maximum assimilated energy, Cold acclimation.
