摘要
船撞桥的研究最近２０年来已形成一个学科。国际桥梁和结构工程协会在１９９１年于列宁格勒会议上汇总了这一领域的１５３篇文章。按该汇总报告的观点，作者开发了一种新的钢绳冲击吸能器。在制造这种吸能器时，应用了３种技术：钢绳紧密堆垒排列；选择合理的结构和高强度钢绳；钢绳端部压套。这样便得到高的吸能率，而且在多次冲击后不会松散。本文测定了动态特性，诸如最大冲击功，吸收功，吸能率，变形量恢复等，这些参数对于设计防撞设备是必需的。这些吸能器的吸能率为橡胶吸能器的２～３倍。本文给出用这些吸能器装配成吸能设施的方法，当它们串联和并联时的能量计算，能将船头折反离开的钢圈的构造以及使防撞设施浮在与船舶水线相当位置的办法。
During the last 20 years,the study on ship collision with bridge has been become an engineering discipline.In the conference of IABSE held in 1991 at Leningrad, 153 papers of this area were published.Based on these view points, the authors developed a new impact energy absorber made by steel ropeloops.For manufacturing the absorber, three techniques were applied: the tight tier of rope loops,the selection of reasonable configuration and strength of rope, and the use of ferrules to rope ends.In this way, its high efficiency of absorbing impact energy was obtained and it can still work well after impact manytimes.The dynamic characteristics of the absorber, such as the maximum impact power,the rate of absorbed energy,the recovery of deformation displacement,etc.,which are the parameters needed for the design of anti-impact equipment,is given in the paper.Its absorbed energy efficiency is about 2-3 times of rubber absorber.This paper describes the way how to assemble the absorbers to be an anti-impact devices,the calculation of absorbed energy when absorbers placed in series or in parallel,the configuration of steel hoop that can repel ship bow and the method to make the anti-impact equipment floating near the ship waterline.
关键词
船撞桥
桥
水中桩柱
钢绳冲击吸能器
shipping safety,collision between ship and bridge, energy absorbing, impact,flexibility,steel rope
