摘要
新经济增长理论认为,科技进步是经济增长的源泉。我国的农业必须实现由主要依赖要素投入的粗放型增长模式转变到主要依赖技术进步的集约型增长模式上来,以满足日益增长的粮食需求。我国东部沿海地区经济已相当发达,科技力量雄厚,在科技反哺土地生产力上应率先进行。本文以山东省烟台市为例,运用C D生产函数定量分析了东部沿海地区技术进步对土地生产力的贡献能力、潜力空间。结果显示:科技进步率平均为4 29%,近20年波动较大,最低年份为1989年的-13 93%,最高年份为1987年的43 07%;技术进步对土地生产力的贡献份额最高年份1985年达869 76%,最低年份1999年为-100 68%,大部分年度是资本投入的贡献份额大于技术进步的份额,技术进步对土地生产力的贡献还远未达到应有的水平。文章认为,政府财政对农业的投入不足、农地小规模经营、新技术传播途径不畅以及农民规避风险的意识是科技进步运用于土地生产力的主要障碍。据此作者提出了政策创新建议。
The new economic growth theory shows that scientific and technological progress is a source of economic growth. It is one of the basic conditions of China that the farmland per capita is keeping decreasing and much lower than the world average. Agriculture in the country should realize a shifting from an extensive pattern of increasing use of land and inputs to increase production to an technology based intensive pattern, in order to meet the demand for at least 120-billion kilogram food of 0.3 billion people that will be added by 2030. Cultivated land especially the fertile farmland is running off quickly in China that threatens food security of the country, so the development of agriculture in China should depend on science and technology innovation in order to meet an increasing grain demand. The coastal regions of eastern China is rich in scientific and technological resources, so it should take the leading role in the activity of scientific and technological back feeding land productivity. Taking Yantai City of Shandong Province as an example, this paper uses Cobb-Douglas production function to study the contribution of science and technology innovation to land productivity. The result shows that the rate of scientific and technological progress is 4.29 percent on average, ranging from -13.93 percent in 1989 to 43.07 percent in 1987 in recent 20 years; the contribution of technological progress to land productivity reached the highest point of 869.76 percent in 1985 and descended to the lowest point of -100.68 percent in 1999, the capital investment contribution to land productivity is greater than that of technological progress at most of the years. Contribution of technological progress to land productivity has not yet reached the due level so far. This paper points out that the main obstacles of applying science and technology for improving land productivity come from insufficient input of government finance to agriculture, small scale of farmland operation, lack of a smooth way of new technology dissemination and the farmer's consciousness of evading risk of using new technology. At the end, the paper puts forward some suggestions for policy innovation.
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第3期61-65,共5页
Resources Science
基金
教育部人文社会科学专项任务研究项目(编号:03JD790011)
南京农业大学人文社会科学基金资助项目研究成果(编号:SK04013)。
