摘要
黄土高原黄土沉积剖面中常出现若干古土壤层，该层在往是碳酸钙被淋失而粘粒含量特高的土壤发生层。因而对于该层粘粒来源引起了很大的争论。残积粘化论者认为黄土层中古土壤中的粘粒以伊利石为主，且为钙镁饱和，亲水能力差，不易发生机械淋溶现象。但是不论现代或古代土壤发生层中的确发生粘粒局部位移和富聚等现象，如结耕体外常见有发亮胶膜的出现和在薄片双察中可见光性定向粘粒和螺纹状聚集等现象。本文除确认上述现象存在外，并认为其原因和一般土壤剖面中出现的机械淋溶淀积现象有所不同，而是强烈的生物作用，尤其早先草本植物繁生的软土表层中生物底解矿化，矿质反馈和２：１晶型类粘土矿物的生物形成作用，后来又屡经冻融以及微冰楔状孔隙冰晶体消融作用所造成的，尤其后者甚至会促使粘化层向母质层过渡的地方出现星型——蒜瓣状表面光滑发亮的土体。
There are several Paleosols which contain a high
proportion of clay with theleaching out of lime carbonates in loss profile.The origins of the
clays have causedgreat argument. Researchers who maintain the point of view of residual
argillification havethought that the clays in the paleosols are dominated by illites with
lime-magnesiasaturation and have very weak hydrophility and mechanical eluviation. But,the
phenomema of clay partial translocation and accumulation do exist ineither recent soils or
paleosols.For instance,the shining cutan outside the ped oroptical orientation clay particles
and whorl-shaped aggregates in the thin sectioninvestigations or both of them were observed.
This paper,besides the affirmation to the existence of above phenomena,indi-cates that the
causes of the phenomena are different from those of phenimena whichresult from the
mechanical eluviation and illuviation in common soil profile in thatthey were caused by
intensive biological effect, espectially by bio decay and minera-lization and mineral feedback
and“biosynthesis”(biogenetic) of the clay minerals intwo to one crystalline structure on the
surface of mollisols in which herbage hadgrown lushly at the early stage of the soil
formation,and“micro-ice wedge like“actions particually the later even leads to the formation
of star-clove of garlic-shap-ed soil masses with smooth and shining surface within the
transitional areas betweenclaying hirizons and C horizons.
出处
《土壤学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1994年第4期371-375,共5页
Acta Pedologica Sinica
关键词
黄土高原
古土壤
粘粒
移动
Preezing accumulation of
gaseous water within soil,Altermatefreezing and thawing,uMicro-ice wedge like”proe-ice
crystal
