摘要
本文主要讨论地处我国华中水稻生态区的湖南红壤稻田的CH4排放特征．稻田CH4排放的日变化都有一致的规律，即在下午16：00左右出现最大值；CH4排放的日变化幅度与天气条件和水稻植物体有关；CH4排放的日变化与温度日变化的相关性很好（R＞0．90）。早稻和晚稻的CH4排放季节变化规律有明显的差别，这主要是由于早、晚稻水稻生长期间的天气特别是空气温度变化的差异引起的，早稻CH4排放车在水稻生长中期（6月）略大，而晚稻在水稻移栽后几天内CH。排放就达到整个季节中的最大值，以后随时间逐渐降低；缺水会使CH4排放率明显降低，而且在重新灌水后相当长时间内CH4排放率没有回升；CH4排放在全有机肥的田中最大，然后依次是常规施肥、全语渣肥及化肥田；尿素、氯化钾和复合肥的多施可降低稻田CH。排放率；不同施肥田中CH4排放串的温度效应不同；施肥是控制CH4排放的一种可行手段；在整个晚稻生长季节中瞬时CH4排放率与瞬时温度呈明显的指数关系；在1991年双季水稻生长季节中，稻田中CH4的排放量为67．96gm－2，其中早稻的CH4排放率为0．36gm-2d－1，晚稻为0.
The fearture of CH4 emission from a red-soil paddy field in Hunan Province, located in the Central China Region, is discussed in this paper. The diurnal variation of CH4 emission rate from the rice field apPears very regular with highest emission at l6:00 in the afternooll. The rangC of diurnal methane emission variation is found to be related to weather conditions and the status of rice growing. The diurnal variation of CH4 emission rate correlates very well with the temperature (R > 0.90). Very obvi-ous difference of seasonal variation of CH4 emission is found for the eariy and late rice, which may be mainly caused by the difference of the weather conditions. The CH4 emission is relatively high in June,in the middle Period of the early rice. But for the late rice, it reaches the maximum a few days after rice is transplanted, and then decreases with the rice growing. The field drought resulted from water short-age lowers down methane emission rate significantly, and CH4 emission rate does not go up even after the field is reflooded. Different CH4 emission rates are obviously observed in the plots treated with va-rious ferti1izers, the highest appears in the plot treated with fully organic fertilizer, followed by those in the normally fertilized, fermented and mineral fertilized fields. The more use of urea, KCl and compo-site fertilizer can reduce CH4 emission. The temperature effeCt on CH4 eInission rate does not appear the sam in the different fertilized plots. Suitable fertilization is a means to reduee methane emission.During the doublrtropping rice growing season in Hunan in 1991, the total CH4 emission from this rice field is 67.96 g m-2. The seasonal averages of CH4 emission rate for early and late rice growing periods are 0.36 g m-2 d-l and 0.48 g m-2 d-1, respetively.
出处
《大气科学》
CSCD
北大核心
1994年第3期358-365,共8页
Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences
关键词
甲烷排放
日变化
温度
施肥
稻田
methane emission
diurnal variation
seasonal variation
temperature
fertilization
