摘要
对13个美国稻的亲和性研究表明:美国稻与粳稻杂交亲和性较好,F_1结实基本正常,但与籼稻的亲和性较差,说明随机所取的所有供试美国水稻品种均为偏粳类型。根据亲和性测验结果,从美国稻中筛选出 Cpslo,Cpslol 7,Calbelle 三个 WCVS,同时也鉴定出籼稻品种光辉稻为 WCV。酯酶同工酶分析结果表明,美国稻中亲和性较好的品种基本上都有7A 酶带,无7A 的品种亲和性都较差。因此,在鉴定美国稻的广亲和性时可采取先用酯酶同工酶淘汰不具7A 的品种然后用籼稻作测验种与其测交的方法。本文对一般 WCV 的筛选提出了先观察后测交的简便方法。讨论了 WCVS 的分级标准。另外还提出了广亲和基因的遗传作用模式假说,即"几个位点的广亲和原始基因累加作用"假说。
The results showed that the compatibility between American rice variety and Japonica type was much better than that between American variety and Indica type.The former F_1's spikelet fertility was almost normal,indicating that the American varieties were inclined to Japonica type.According to re- sults of spikelet fertility test,3 American varieties(Cpslo,Cpslol7 and Calebelle)and 1 Indica variety (Guanghuidao)were affirmed as wide compatibility varieties(WCVS).Results of Est isozyme bands of 13 American varieties indicated that those with 7A(Est 7)band had much better compatibility than those without 7A.It was proposed,therefore,that the first step for the identification of WCVS from American rice was Est isozyme analysis,through which materials without 7A band could discarded;only those with 7A were crossed with the indica tester.A new hypothesis concerning the mechanism of wide compatibility, i.e.,'Additive action of primitive genes of wide compatibility on several loci'hypothesis,was proposed.
关键词
美国稻
广亲和品种
酯酶同工酶
American rice variety
wide compatibility wariety
esterase isozyme
spikelet fertility
