摘要
随着语言学的一个研究重点从外在化语言转向内在化语言,翻译学的研究也正经历着从对翻译结果的描写到对翻译过程的观察和解释的重心转移。本文对国际上第一部以翻译过程为研究对象的论文集《口/笔译的认知过程》(Cognitive Processes in Translation and Interpreting. By Joseph H. Danks, Gregory M.Shreve, Stephen B.Foutain, and Michael K. Mcbeath (Eds.). London: Sage, 1997. Pp.xii, 294.) 进行了评介。书中的每篇论文独立构成一个章节,12个章节可归为4大议题。本文着重介绍四大议题的研究内容,并对相关问题研究的理论意义和实践意义进行了评述。本文认为该书是一项真正意义上的跨学科研究,它对翻译学、语言学及心理学研究都将提供有益的启示。
By drawing a significant distinction between linguistic competence and linguistic performance, and vowing that linguistic theory should contribute to the study of human mental processes, Chomsky has brought about a revolutionary shift of focus in linguistics from E-language to I-language. This linguistic trend has also caused a shift of focus in translation studies from the description of translation results to the observation and explanation of translation/interpreting processes. Such an academic context has birthed an invaluable book Cognitive Processes in Translation and Interpreting, actually a collection of articles representing the first international collaborative attempt to open up the black box of translation. The present paper offers a general review of the four major issues dealt with in the book by the authors who are made up of translation theorists, cognitive scientists and psycholinguists. The major issues include: (i)the theoretical orientation and research methodology; (ii)the description and explanation of translation/interpretation processes; (iii)translation acquisition and the development of translation competence; (iv)cognitive processes of simultaneous interpretation and consecutive interpretation. Since translating activity involving crosslinguistic and crosscultural work occurs at the interface of textual comprehension and production, it justifies the application of models and methods of cognitive psychology, psycholinguistics and neurophysiology. In theory the book has proposed some models such as full-process model, sub-process model, model of comprehension, model of production, model of acquisition, etc.. In practice pedagogy is one of its main concerns. The longitudinal studies on translation/interpreting students prior to and after entrance to the profession will provide effective monitoring on translation methodology and language teaching in the respective curricula. The author points out in the concluding section that although the models and methods proposed in this book need to be tested and validated, this interdisciplinary study is mutually beneficial to both cognitive sciences and translation studies: it has made important contributions to the latter抯 scientization and modelization, whereas concurrently it can provide valuable insights into the inner workings of language and mind. It is the author抯 fervent hope that more co-operation between cognitive researchers and translation/interpreting researchers will be seen in the future, and new directions and methods will invigorate research in the cognitive processes of translation and interpreting.
出处
《现代外语》
CSSCI
北大核心
2001年第3期324-330,共7页
Modern Foreign Languages
