摘要
中药剂型现代化是中药现代化重要组成部分,目前采用的中药现代化剂型有:1.速释型口腔给药剂型:药物经口腔粘膜吸收直接入血,起效快,避免首过效应,可提高生物利用度,如中药口腔速溶片、分散片。2.控(缓)释剂型:(1)中药复方胃内滞留漂浮型控(缓)释制剂,主要在胃内保持滞留时间,可提高疗效;(2)结肠定位剂型,适于治疗结肠疾病的中药,也适于通过肠道吸收的药物;(3)缓释微丸剂型,适合持续给药,有效量体积较小的中药材;(4)复方中药制剂的多元控制系统,可在消化系统内多阶段释药,使体内有一个平稳的血药浓度。当遇有中国药典未收载的某些新剂型的标准时,可参考国外药典及文献,亦可在老制剂基础上自订研究标准。中药新剂型的研究应包括药动学,靶向制剂的研究也应有同位素示踪。
The modernization of the forms of Chinese medicines is an important component part of the modernization of traditional Chinese medicine. At present there are the following forms which have been put to use: (1) The form of medicines which are fast released in mouth. They can be directly absorbed into blood througth oral mucosa and their effectiveness be able to come into being rapidly, avoiding first - pass effect. As the result, their bio - availability can be improved. This kind of Chinese medicines are rapidly - releasing tablets and fast - disintegrating tablets in mouth, for example; (2) The form of Chinese medicines whose release are controlled (or slowed down): (a) Preparations out of composite prescriptions, which float in stomach when taken and release slowly, thus staying long enough in stomach to enhance their effectiveness; (b) The form of medicines which are suitable to treat colonic diseases and can be absorbed by intestines; (c) The form of slow - releasing micro - pills made of Chinese medicinal materials with most effective components but smaller volume, whose effectiveness can be sustained; (d) The multi -factor control system of the preparations out of composite prescriptions is able to release medicines in digestive organs at several phases so as to maintain a steady blood - drug level. When the standards of some new forms are refered to and cannot be consulted in the Chinese Pharmacopeia, related pharmacopeia and literatures abroad can be taken as their reference and the standards of them can be worked out as well on the basis of the old ones. The study of new forms of Chinese medicines should include that of pharmacokinetics and target preparations as well as isotopic togging.
出处
《世界科学技术-中医药现代化》
2004年第4期57-60,共4页
Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Materia Medica-World Science and Technology
