摘要
一、东西方关系中的西欧观察欧洲政治,特别是西欧政治,离不开美国和苏联在世界格局中的作用和影响。自从第二次世界大战结束之日起,西欧在世界上的地位就与战前任何历史时期都不一样了。欧洲(尤其是西欧)进入近代史期的几个世纪里一直是向四外扩张的,它的发展走向是外向的。这当然有历史延续的理由,例如它的航海史和殖民史甚至可以上溯到遥远的古代。这种状况到第二次世界大战时期结束了。战后,欧洲的向外扩张"主动性"受到了很大的阻滞,旧的殖民体系瓦解了,西欧各国——无论是北约成员。
The expanionist 'initiative' of Europe has been largely restricted since 40 years follwing the end of the World War Ⅱ, due to the emergence of the two superpowers and the dislocation of the traditional colonial system and structure, and the West European states were thus led to concentrate their main concerns on their home affairs--economic, political as well as social. They. even need to meet pressures from the outside, particularly because they consistently remain under impacts of fluctuations of the U.S. and Soviet relations. Western Europe used to be extremely sensitive to ups and downs in the West-East relationship. Therefore, there is no substantial change of position of Western Europe within the current world politics. But it is a general belief that the problem of security appears to Western Europe more political and psychological than military, since a European war is most unlikely to occur.At present, a consensus existing among Western European peoples is the problem of development of Western Europe, hence a new prevalence of 'consciousness of Europe'. Each of the West European nations has become conscious that it must integrate its own particular development with the development of Western Europe as a whole, and look for favourable conditions required by its own development in the due course of the development of Western Europe.The prevalence of 'consciousness of Europe' has its recent manifestation in the project of the inner Common Market of Europe, a target that the EEC is looking forward to attaining in 1992. This is an ambitious plan that, though it is not easy to predict anything, calls upon all the West European states (whether E.E.C. members or not)to show their earnest interests in the proposed target. 1992, regardless of its probability of full success, will be a year of political coherence for Western Europe.
出处
《欧洲研究》
1988年第5期1-4,58,共5页
Chinese Journal of European Studies
