摘要
为探索高效安全的刺参生态苗种培育途径,在刺参Apostichopus japonicus养殖池塘运用陆基围隔法比较了池塘围隔内外的环境特征(2010年10月至2011年11月),并采用搅底、施用微生态制剂、培养底栖硅藻和换水等技术方法,对刺参幼虫、稚参进行了生态育苗试验(2011年6—11月)。结果表明:试验池塘的水温与盐度呈负相关,温幅和盐幅较大却变化缓慢,pH稳定于7.9~8.2,COD含量小于10 mg/L,透明度较高,营养盐含量低;浮游生物小型化明显,浮游植物以硅藻占优势,浮游动物以桡足类占优势;围隔内刺参幼虫由小耳期发育到中耳期,成活率为50%,发育到大耳期,成活率为25%;稚参转入围隔48 h后的成活率为20.0%,70 d后的成活率为2.2%,每个围隔内稚参的平均质量从5 g/m3增加到37.9 g/m3。研究表明,在刺参养殖池塘中设置围隔,对幼虫和稚参进行生态育苗是可行的。
The characteristics of plankton community and abiotic factors were investigated in enclosures in sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus culture ponds from December,2010 to November,2011,and the ecological breeding of larval and juvenile sea cucumber was conducted in the experimental enclosures displaced in ponds of Dalian Gold Tone Seafood Co. Ltd.,Liaoning Province,by pond stirring,addition of probiotics,benthic diatom culture and water exchange from June to November,2011. The results showed that water temperature was negative correlated with salinity,great fluctuation of both being changed gradually. The pH 7. 9-8. 2,high transparency( above 70 cm) measured by Secchi disk and COD level of below 10 mg / L,31 phytoplankton species( predominated by diatoms) and 24 zooplankton species( predominated by copepods) were found in the ponds,tending to be miniaturization. The early auricularia larvae were developed into mid-auricularia larvae with survival rate of 50% and the mid-auricularia larvae into late auricularia larvae with survival rate of 25% in the enclosures. The juveniles reared in the enclosures had survival rate of 20. 0% in 2 days,and the survival rate of 2. 2% in 70 days,the average output being increased from 5 g / m3to 37. 9 g / m3. The findings indicate that it is practicable to breed larval and juvenile sea cucumber ecologically in enclosures displaced in ponds.
出处
《大连海洋大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2013年第6期589-596,共8页
Journal of Dalian Ocean University
基金
国家海洋公益性行业项目(200905020-5)
关键词
刺参
池塘
围隔
环境特征
生态育苗
Apostichopus japonicus
pond
enclosure
environmental characteristics
ecological breeding
