摘要
北辛遗址位于滕县县城东南25余公里,村北有田名寨墙里,即遗址的所在地。北辛遗址附近的主要河流为薛河,由东北向西南流往北辛村,与其支流(已废弃,仅留故道遗迹)相会合,遗址东、南、北三面临水。隔河与龙山相望,地处平原与丘陵的交接地带,在海拔300米以下,地势平坦,土地肥沃,是古代居民从事生产活动的良好地区(图一;图版壹,1)。
The Beixin site is about 25 kilometers southeast of the city of Tengxian County,Shandong
Province,with an area of about 50,000 square meters.In the autumn of 1978 and the spring
of 1979,two seasons of excavations were conducted by the Shandong Archaeological Team of
IA,CASS and the Museum of Tengxian County,and altogether 2583 square meters have been
dug up.Of the four strata,except for the top one which is a layer of cultivated soil,all the
other three ones are layers of the Beixin Culture.In addition to the large number of remains
found at the site,the discovery also includes storage pits and two children's urn burials.
The site is best represented by the pottery,all handmade,fine or mixed with sand.Most of
the pottery with sand are brownish-yellow ware and soft in quality,with decorations composed
mainly of several narrow bands in relief,forming various designs.The decorations also inclu-
de comb patterns and incised and impressed designs.In shape,there are tripod,fu-cauldron,
deep-bodied jar with a round bottom,narrow-mouthed and short-necked amphora,bo-bowl,
bowl,basin,vase and vessel pedestal.All the tripods are round-bottomed and deep-bellied.
Some of the bo have traces of millet nusks impressed on their bottoms,and are decorated ou-
tsids with an incised ring.The stone tools are either chipped or polished.The chipped stone tools
include mainly axes and chopper.Next comes the discs and small spades.Among the polished
stone tools,there are spades,knives,sickles,querns,pestles,circular millstone,etc.Besides these,
there are also objects made of bone,antlar,tusk and shell.There exist marked differences be-
tween the archaeological culture represented by the remains here and the Dawenkou culture in
the same area and the Qingliangang culture represented by the the Qingliangang site on the sout-
hern bank of the Huaihe River.That is why this culture is designated by the name of Beixin
Culture.The area of its distribution according to the data now available covers the central and
southern parts of Shandong Province and the part of Jiangsu Province north of the Huaihe River.
The relative date of the site seems earlier than the Dawenkou site,as is pointed to by
the intrusion of the tombs of the latter.Its absolute date is about 7300—6300 B.P.according
to calibrated C-14 date,thus lasting for about 1000 years in its existence.
出处
《考古学报》
1984年第2期159-191,264-273,共43页
Acta Archaeologica Sinica
