摘要
取3+龄咸海卡拉白鱼(Chalcalburnuschalcoidesaralensis)进行全人工繁殖,对受精卵各阶段发育形态进行观察。该鱼受精卵呈圆球状,为沉性卵,微粘性,卵粒白色透明,直径(1.32±0.04)mm。胚胎发育可分为受精卵、卵裂期、囊胚期、原肠期、神经胚期、胚孔封闭期、肌节出现期、视泡形成期、尾芽期、肌肉效应期、胚动期、心脏搏动、出膜前期和孵化期。水温22～24℃时,受精卵经56h45min孵化出仔鱼。胚胎发育所需积温1232～1344h·℃。孵化第1天仔鱼沉卧水底,体色为白色,全长(4.51±0.08)mm;第4天仔鱼平游,开始摄食蛋黄和单细胞藻类;第6天鱼体卵黄囊消失,食轮虫或丰年虫幼体;第10天仔鱼全长(7.60～9.80)mm时下塘,仔鱼摄食浮游生物;第15天仔鱼全长(9.10～11.3)mm摄食人工饲料。
This paper reported on artificial repreduction of Chalcalburnus chalcoides aralensis from Lake Ashiikul in Uzbeikstan and observed morphological characteristics of the embryonic and larval development in the fish.From mature population of three year-old wild fish and artificially bred fish, we selected well-grown individuals and conducted artificial obstetrics. The fertilized eggs were laid and hatched in the aquaculture tank. The fertilized rate was 97.6%, and the hatching rate was 83.3%. The mature eggs were sphaeroid in shape and (1.32±0.04) mm in diameter. The fertilized eggs are sticky and sinckly. Before the embryos hatching, it almost takes the main embryonic development stages including cleavage, blastula, gastrula, neurula, blastopore closed, appearance of eye bud, tail bud formation, musule effect, stage of embryoinc movement, stage of formation of heart and pre-stage of hatching. When water temperature was 22-24 ℃, the embryonic development took 56 h 45 min to develop into larva, and the total accumulative temperature was 1 232-1 344 h·℃. The mature fish of domesticated wild fish and artificially bred fish both kept the characteristics of hatching in fresh water and in blascky water as well. The larvae were (4.51±0.08) mm in total length on the first day after hatching, and the larval coluor was white, laying on the bottom of water. The larvae can feed yolk or single-cell algae on the fourth day after hatching. The yolk sac of the larvae disappeared on the sixth day after hatching, and the larvae fed rotifer or young chirocephalus. Since then, they have depended on feed exogenous for growth. On the tenth day after hatching, the larvae were cultivated in ponds at body length 7.60-(9.80) mm, and the larvae started to feed plankton. On the 15th day the length of larvae was 9.10-11.3 mm and began to intake artificial feed.
出处
《中国水产科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第3期208-213,共6页
Journal of Fishery Sciences of China
基金
农业部"948"引进项目
关键词
咸海卡拉白鱼
人工孵化
胚胎发育
仔鱼发育
Chalcalburnus chalcoides arelensis
artificial hatching
embryonic development
larval development
作者简介
蔺玉华(1950-),女,研究员,从事鱼类生理和毒理研究.Tel:0451-84861326.E-mail:linyuhua50@sohu.com
