摘要
目的研究北京市石景山区40岁及以上居民慢性阻塞性肺疾病(后简称“慢阻肺”)诊断情况。方法采用随机抽样方法对北京市石景山区10家社区的40岁及以上居民进行问卷调查、身体测量及肺功能检查,并对获得的数据进行统计学分析。结果最终纳入研究的监测对象有4096名,其中诊断为慢阻肺416例,慢阻肺患病率为10.2%(9.2%~11.1%)。慢阻肺人群中既往明确诊断慢阻肺仅59例,诊断率14.2%(11.1%~17.8%),高达85.8%(82.2%~88.9%)慢阻肺患者既往未被诊断。未确诊人群多无呼吸道症状或症状轻微[无症状占35.6%(30.7%~40.6%),有时有症状占56.3%(51.1%~61.4%)],且多为慢阻肺早期[慢性阻塞性肺疾病的全球倡议分级(GOLD分级)1级占51.8%(46.6%~57.0%)、2级占41.2%(36.2%~46.3%)],其中多数人从未听过慢阻肺[从未听过占63.3%(58.2%~68.2%)]。慢阻肺漏诊与未做过肺功能[OR=22.82(6.53~79.70)]、未听过慢阻肺[OR=9.21(3.24~26.16)]、无呼吸道症状[OR=3.90(1.11~13.73)]、呼吸道症状轻微[OR=2.88(1.11~7.51)]有关。结论慢阻肺是北京市石景山40岁及以上居民常见疾病,患病率高,但诊断率低,漏诊率高。目前迫切需要提高社区医生对慢阻肺的识别能力、肺功能检查率以及社区居民对慢阻肺的认知度。
Objective To investigate the current status of diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)among residents aged 40 years old and above in Shijingshan District,Beijing.Methods Random sampling method was used to conduct questionnaire survey,body measurement,and lung function test among residents aged 40 and above in 10 communities in Shijingshan District,Beijing,and statistical analysis was performed on the obtained data.Results A total of 4096 participants were finally included in the study,of whom 416 were diagnosed with COPD.The prevalence rate of COPD was 10.2%(9.2%~11.1%).Among the COPD population,only 59 cases had been diagnosed previously,with a diagnostic rate of 14.2%(11.1%~17.8%),and as high as 85.8%(82.2%~88.9%)of COPD patients had not been diagnosed before.Most of the missed COPD patients had no respiratory symptoms[35.6%(30.7%~40.6%)]or mild symptoms[56.3%(51.1%~61.4%)],had never heard of COPD[63.3%(58.2%~68.2%)],and were in the early stage of COPD[51.8%(46.6%~57.0)in GOLD 1 and 41.2%(36.2%~46.3%)in GOLD 2].Undiagnosed COPD is related to never doing lung function[OR=22.82(6.53~79.70)],never heard of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease[OR=9.21(3.24~26.16)],no respiratory symptoms[OR=3.90(1.11~13.73)],and slight respiratory symptoms[OR=2.88(1.11~7.51)].Conclusion COPD is a common disease among residents of Shijingshan,Beijing,with a high prevalence rate,but a low diagnostic rate and a high rate of missed diagnosis.There is an urgent need to improve the awareness of COPD among community residents,and the identification ability and diagnostic rate of COPD by community doctors.
作者
周婷
孙培培
张二明
安欣华
向平超
Zhou Ting;Sun Peipei;Zhang Erming;An Xinhua;Xiang Pingchao(Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine,Peking University Shougang Hospital,Beijing 100144,China;Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Shijingshan District,Beijing 100043,China)
出处
《中华临床医师杂志（电子版）》
CAS
北大核心
2023年第7期790-797,共8页
Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition)
关键词
慢性阻塞性肺疾病
慢阻肺
诊断率
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
COPD
Diagnostic rate
作者简介
通信作者:向平超,Email:xpcemail@163.com
