摘要
Injury to the central nervous system (CNS) is common, and though it has been well studied, many aspects of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and stroke are poorly understood. TBI and stroke are two pathologic events that can cause severe, immediate impact to the neurostructure and function of the CNS, which has been recognized recently to be exacerbated by the body's own immune response. Although the brain damage induced by the initial trauma is most likely unsalvageable, the secondary immunologic deterioration of neural tissue gives ample opportunity for therapeutic strategists seeking to mitigate TBI's secondary detrimental effects. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the cell death mechanisms associated with CNS injury with special emphasis on inflammation. The authors discuss sources of inflammation, and introduce the role of the spleen in the systemic response to inflammation after CNS injury.
作者简介
Corresponding author:Prof.Cesar V.Borlongan,Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair,Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair,University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine,MDC 78,12901 Bruce B.Downs Blvd,Tampa,FL 33612,USA.E-mail:cborlong@health.usf.edu,Prof.Cesar V.Borlongan is a Distinguished Professor,Vice-Chairman for Research,and Director of USF Morsani College of Medicine’s Center of Excellence for Aging and Brain Repair.His highly innovative translational“bench to clinic”research has led to FDA-approved clinical trials of cell transplantation in CNS disorders.He is an author of>370 peer-reviewed publications.He is funded by and a regular reviewer for NIH,DOD,and VA.He was the President-Elect of American Society for Neural Therapy and Repair,and International Placenta Stem Cell Society,and is an elected Fellow of AAAS and AIMBE.He was featured in The Lancet in 2008.
