宜居的城市更吸引外资企业?——来自中国工业企业的微观证据被引量：5

Does Amenity Affect the Location Choice of Firms? Evidences from Foreign Direct Investments in China

导出

摘要城市的宜居性对人口迁徙、企业选址和经济发展有重要影响。我国地区间宜居性差异较大,深入理解城市宜居性对企业选址的影响,是关乎因地制宜推动经济发展的重要议题。研究发现,城市宜居性对外资企业选址有重要的影响,并且,与城市公共服务、基础设施等相关的社会宜居性比自然宜居性影响更大。其中,宜居性因素对大规模企业、劳动密集型企业、高技术行业企业的选址具有更明显的影响。因此,新时代城市管理者不仅应当在“以人为本”的发展理念下积极推动城市宜居环境建设,也应当结合本地自然的、社会的宜居性特点和发展水平,因地制宜实施招商引资,推动本地产业和经济发展。 Theoretical and empirical research on the location choice of FDI is an important topic in the field of cross-border investment.The geographical distribution of foreign direct investment in China shows great spatial diversity.Most of the existing studies explain this phenomenon in terms of local market demand,labor costs,infrastructure,human capital,taxation,institutions,and other production factors.Cities are the main spatial structural units of economic geography research.Urban livability has an important impact on urban economic development,population migration,and enterprise location.The longitude and latitude span between different cities in China is large,the climatic conditions are different,and the degree of economic development is large,but the influence of urban livability factors on the location choice of foreign-funded enterprises has not been paid enough attention.An in-depth discussion of the influence of urban livability factors on the geographical distribution of foreign investment can help understand the distribution of foreign investment in China and then promote economic development according to local conditions.This paper focuses on the influence of urban livability on the location choice of foreign-funded enterprises in China.It uses the site selection data of new foreign-invested enterprises from 2003 to 2013,constructs a conditional logistic model for the location choice of foreign-funded enterprises between cities,and analyzes the role of urban livability in the location choice of new foreign-funded enterprises.The study finds that natural amenity and social amenity have a positive impact on the choice of new foreign-funded enterprises.This impact is even more pronounced in the social livability associated with urban public services.Moreover,amenity has a greater positive effect on large-scale enterprises,labor-intensive enterprises,and high-tech enterprises.In terms of the robustness of empirical results,this article explores three perspectives.Firstly,considering that the location choice of foreign enterprises has obvious agglomeration effects,in order to avoid the biased distribution of samples from weakening the credibility of the empirical results,the top five cities by the number of enterprises are removed.Secondly,aiming at the bias that may result from empirical model selection,Poisson regression and negative binomial regression are used to test the robustness.Finally,in order to avoid the problem of amenity measurement error,the robustness test is carried out using utility valuation estimation of urban livability.The research shows that building a good urban livable environment is the embodiment of the“people-oriented”development concept of urban administrators in the new era,and it is also an important way to promote urban investment attraction.Therefore,urban investment attraction should not only consider the convenience of company operations from the aspects of taxation and market environment,but also consider the public service needs of enterprises and talents from the perspective of urban livability,so as to create a greater attraction.At the same time,we should pay full attention to the bottlenecks and limits to development that come from local livability conditions,and cater for our policies to the needs of the area.

作者宋华盛孙桂里罗德明 Song Huasheng;Sun Guili;Luo Deming(School of Economics,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区浙江大学经济学院

出处《浙江大学学报（人文社会科学版）》 CSSCI 北大核心 2022年第11期75-92,共18页 Journal of Zhejiang University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基金教育部人文社科重点研究基地重大项目(22JJD790074) 浙江大学基本科研业务费专项“面向经济创新发展的基础科学战略研究” 国家自然科学基金项目(72273130) 浙江省自然科学基金项目(LZ23G020001)

关键词宜居性企业选址地理分布条件Logit模型中国工业企业 FDI amenity location choice geographical distribution Conditional Logit Model Chinese industrial enterprises FDI

分类号 F299.2 [经济管理—国民经济]

作者简介宋华盛(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6047-3841),男,浙江大学经济学院教授,博士生导师,浙江大学国家制度研究院特聘研究员,经济学博士,主要从事产业组织、国际经济学等研究;孙桂里(https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5306-0267),女,浙江大学经济学院博士研究生,主要从事产业组织、国际经济学等研究;通信作者:罗德明(https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7973-9451),男,浙江大学经济学院、民营经济研究中心教授,博士生导师,经济学博士,主要从事发展经济学、区域经济学等研究。