摘要
目的总结公民逝世后器官捐献单中心经验,分析影响器官捐献的影响因素,探讨提高器官捐献率的方法。方法回顾性分析安徽医科大学第一附属医院器官获取组织于2012年1月1日至2019年12月31日完成的117例公民逝世后器官捐献供体的病例资料。结果117例器官捐献者中,男性94例(80.87%),女性23例(19.13%),最大年龄69岁,最小年龄3个月,平均年龄(41.29±18.31)岁。主要死亡原因为脑外伤57例(47.9%),其次为脑血管意外39例(33.3%)和缺氧性脑病10例(8.5%)。自2016年1月1日以来,器官捐献数量逐年递增,至2019年12月31日共完成器官捐献117例,获取器官319个,器官产出率和器官利用率总体呈现逐年增加的趋势。该时间段共弃用器官20个,其中肝脏7个、肾脏13个,主要弃用原因为重度肝硬化、脂肪肝、肾脏缺血和微循环障碍。供体的学历层次为初中及以下学历98例(83.48%),高中及以上学历仅19例(16.24%)。供体婚姻状况中已婚55例(47.01%),其次为离异或丧偶22例(占18.01%)。经协调后同意捐献103例(88.03%),家属主动提出器官捐献仅14例(12.17%)。按照签署登记表直系亲属数量进行分类统计,2位直系亲属57例(48.72%),其次为1位直系亲属28例(23.93%)、无直系亲属16例(13.68%)、和≥3位直系亲属16例(13.68%)。对各年龄段不同性别捐献数据进行分析,与0~14岁年龄段比较,15-59岁和60以上年龄段的性别比例均存在显著性差异(χ2=6.694,P=0.010;χ2=5.467,P=0.019),而15~59岁和60以上年龄段之间无显著差异(χ2=0.087,P=0.346)。结论器官捐献是一项系统工程,受多重因素影响,应加大社会宣传力度及出台相关配套政策以进一步提高捐献率。
Objective To summarize the experience of Chinese donation after citizen’s death at a single center and analyze the influencing factors of organ donation,and explore methods to increase the organ donation rate.Methods The data of 117 donors from Chinese donation after citizen’s death were retrospectively analysed in the OPO of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from January 1,2012 to December 31,2019.Results Among the 117 donors,94 males(80.87%)and 23 females(19.13%),the maximum age was 69 years old,the minimum age was 3 months old,and the average age was(41.29±18.31)years old.The main cause of death was brain trauma in 57 cases(47.9%),followed by 39 cases of cerebrovascular accident(33.3%)and 10 cases of hypoxic encephalopathy(8.5%).Since January 1,2016,the number of organ donations has increased year by year.By December 31,2019,a total of 117 organ donations have been completed,and 319 organs have been obtained.The overall organ output rate and organ utilization rate have been increasing year by year.20 organs were discarded during this period,including 7 livers and 13 kidneys.The main reasons for discarding were severe cirrhosis,fatty liver,renal ischemia and microcirculation disturbance.98 cases(83.48%)with junior high school education and below,and 19 cases(16.24%)with high school education and above.In the donor’s marital status,55 cases were married(47.01%),followed by divorce or widowed 22 cases(18.01%).113 cases were agreed to donate after coordination,and only 14 cases(12.17%)were proactively proposed by family members.According to the statistics of the number of immediate family members who signed the registration form,57 cases(48.72%)of 2 immediate family members,followed by 28 cases(23.93%)of 1 immediate family member,16 cases(13.68%)of no immediate family members,and 16 cases(13.68%)of≥3 immediate family members.Through analyzing of the donation data of different genders of various age groups,compared with the age group of 0-14 years old,the gender ratio of 15-59 years old and above 60 years old have significant differences(χ~2=6.694,P=0.010;χ~2=5.467,P=0.019),but there was no significant difference between 15-59 years old and above 60 years old(χ~2=0.087,P=0.346).Conclusion Organ donation is a systematic project and affected by multiple factors.Social propaganda efforts and related supporting policies should be strengthened to further increase the donation rate.
作者
朱乃庚
申振
孙胜红
李春伟
吴若林
戴清清
赵红川
ZHU Nai-geng;Shen Zhen;Sun Sheng-hong(The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University,Hefei 230022,China)
出处
《肝胆外科杂志》
2020年第4期256-260,共5页
Journal of Hepatobiliary Surgery
关键词
公民逝世后器官捐献
影响因素
捐献意愿
chinese donation after citizen’s death
influencing factors
decisions donation
作者简介
通讯作者:赵红川。
