摘要
江东地区是受长江主泓摆动、吴淞江下游河道变迁和东海水文综合作用的海岸带前缘地区,其岸线、沙涂、水系等经过了复杂的历史变迁。宋元时期江东地区岸线趋稳,主要是长江来沙沉积和海平面上升互相作用的结果。有明一代,长江主泓均走北支,江东地区所处的崇明期三角洲前缘渐转为侵蚀型海岸,万历后江东地区坍江剧烈。18世纪后,长江径流回走南支,江口沙岛的发育出露致使江口束狭,江流对江东海岸形成冲刷,但由于径流对涨潮势能的抵消、海塘的加固和完善等,陆域基本保持稳定。
The Jiangdong district is a frontier region shaped by theYangtze and Suzhou Rivers,and the East China Sea.Its shoreline,shoal,and riverine systems have gone through a complicated process of evolution.During the Song and Yuan periods,the Jiangdong shoreline stabilized,mainly the combined result of sand deposition from the Yangtze River and the rise in sea level.Until the Ming Dynasty,the main branches of the Yangtze River all flowed northward.The Chongming Delta,where the Jiangdong district is located,gradually became an erosive coast.After the Wanli era,the Jiangdong district experienced severe flooding.Since the 18 th century,after the Yangtze changed course back to the south,the development of an alluvial island narrowed the river mouth.The erosion of the Jiangdong shoreline was offset by rising tides and the reinforcement of dams.As a result,the land area basically remained stable.
出处
《国家航海》
2022年第1期35-48,共14页
National Maritime Research
基金
2020年度国家社会科学基金重大项目“7—20世纪长江三角洲海岸带环境变迁史料的搜集、整理与研究(20&ZD231)”之研究成果
关键词
江东
地理环境
海岸线
长江主泓
Jiangdong
Geographical Environment
Shoreline
Yangtze Mainstream
作者简介
杜志亚,上海师范大学历史地理专业博士研究生;吴俊范,上海师范大学历史系教授,都市文化研究中心研究员
