摘要
《朱臻仕者》碑为清末沿江四路炮台的德籍总教习朱臻仕(John Jürgens,1855?—1903)的墓碑。本文以《朱臻仕者》碑文为基础,考证朱臻仕在华的主要经历,重点分析朱臻仕“自毙”的原因,指出其自毙与1897年胶州湾事件后中德关系恶化、张之洞由亲德转向亲日和清末两江政局的动荡均密切相关。朱臻仕出身平民但在中国逐步升迁至较高职位,在晚清来华的德国教习中具有典型性;而朱臻仕的自毙则揭示了晚清外籍教习群体中“楚才晋用”的矛盾心态和政治局势对外籍教习心理的影响。
John Jürgens(1855?-1903)was a German Chief Instructor of the Four Battery Groups along the Yangzi River during the late Qing period.Based upon the inscription on his tombstone,this article analyzes Jurgens'main experiences in China.It argues that his suicide was closely related to the deterioration of Sino-German ties after the Jiaozhou Bay Incident of 1897,Zhang Zhidong's shift from a pro-German to a pro-Japanese stance,as well as the political turbulence in Jiangnan and Jiangxi Provinces.Jürgens reflected the typical experience of German instructors in China during the late Qing.He was born a commoner but gradually assumed positions of higher responsibility.His suicide reflected the huge psychological pressure caused by the volatile political climate in China upon foreign instructors.
出处
《国家航海》
2024年第1期124-138,共15页
National Maritime Research
关键词
朱臻仕
碑刻
南洋大臣
炮台
总教习
John Jürgens
Inscription
Superintendent for the Southern Ports
Batteries
Chief Instructor
作者简介
刁文伟,江阴市博物馆副研究馆员;陈一川,英国伦敦大学学院(UCL)建筑学院博士研究生;张鸿,靖江市马洲文化研究会研究员。
