摘要
中亚地区天然气资源丰富,是中国陆上天然气进口的重要来源地和能源通道,对保障国家天然气供应安全具有至关重要的作用。在资源方面,中亚天然气储产量及出口量主要集中在土库曼斯坦,其次是哈萨克斯坦和乌兹别克斯坦;对外合作方面,除土库曼斯坦外,中亚国家油气领域开放程度均较高,各类国外石油公司均参与地区油气合作;宏观风险方面,中亚地区5国政治形势总体稳定,但在多国步入政治经济转型期、新冠疫情持续、大国博弈激化、能源转型与低碳部署加强等内外因素共同作用下,形势更趋复杂,风险因素增多。建议中国企业把握好“一带一路”倡议的机遇,将中亚天然气合作做大做强;加强中亚能源外交,推动建立务实高效的多边和双边天然气合作机制;巩固资源基础,提升天然气全产业链合作力度;创新合作模式,契合资源国能源转型趋势。
Central Asia is rich in natural gas resources and important for China’s onshore natural gas imports as well as energy channels,which plays a vital role in ensuring the security of China’s natural gas supply.In terms of resources,the natural gas reserve,production and export are quiet uneven and mainly concentrated in Turkmenistan,followed by Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan.For foreign cooperation,Central Asian countries have a high degree of openness in the oil and gas industry and all kinds of foreign oil companies be allowed to participate in regional oil and gas cooperation except Turkmenistan.In terms of macro risks,the political situation of the five Central Asian countries is generally stable,however in the process of political and economic transformation,COVID-19’s sustained development,intensified competition among big powers,energy transition and the strengthening of low-carbon deployment,the situation becomes more complicated and risk factors are increasing.It is suggested that Chinese companies should seize the opportunity of the Belt and Road Initiative,strengthen the natural gas cooperation between China and Central Asia,improve energy diplomacy between China and Central Asia,promote the establishment of pragmatic and efficient multilateral and bilateral cooperation mechanisms on natural gas,consolidate the resource base,enhance cooperation on the whole natural gas industrial chain,and innovate cooperation modes to meet the energy transformation trend of resource countries.
作者
彭云
聂正雅
熊靓
郜峰
张可宝
PENG Yun;NIE Zhengya;XIONG Liang;GAO Feng;ZHANG Kebao(Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,PetroChina;China National Petroleum Corporation)
出处
《国际石油经济》
2022年第8期79-92,共14页
International Petroleum Economics
关键词
中亚地区
天然气
投资环境
合作建议
Central Asia region
natural gas
investment environment
cooperation suggestions
