摘要
为进一步提高隧道入口行车安全,有效预防事故发生,从驾驶表现、视觉感知和心理状态3个方面对隧道入口诱导设施评价体系进行分析。选取方向盘修正频率、视点水平角度15%~85%范围和皮电升高起点作为评价指标,基于多级诱导的原则,设计了4种诱导设施试验方案。采用驾驶模拟试验研究了隧道入口诱导设施的有无、形状、间距、高度对驾驶人驾驶行为的影响,进而形成了隧道入口接近段主动诱导设施设置优化技术。结果表明:诱导设施可提前将驾驶人视点集中于隧道入口,帮助驾驶人对隧道入口的认知信息进行加工,提高驾驶人在隧道入口前的横向操控能力,降低事故率;不同形状诱导设施对驾驶人影响不同,其中圆弧式诱导设施诱导效果比圆柱式好,因为圆弧式诱导标更接近于隧道口的形状,可使驾驶人提前感知隧道入口,增强驾驶人对隧道入口的视觉关注度;诱导设施设置间距4 m和8 m时均可发挥诱导设施的作用,但高速行驶下4 m设置间距会导致诱导设施出现重叠,考虑经济性和可行性,8 m为最佳设置间距;相对于高度不变的设置方式,诱导设施逐渐加高对驾驶人的诱导效果更佳,可实现诱导设施与隧道入口立面标记连续的效果,使驾驶人的视线集中在隧道入口,实现早诱导、强诱导的效果。
To further improve the driving safety at tunnel entrance and effectively prevent accidents,the study analyzed the evaluation system of tunnel entrance guidance facilities from 3 aspects of driving performance,visual perception and psychological state.The steering wheel correction frequency,range of viewpoint level angle from 15%to 85%,and starting point of skin elevation were selected as evaluation indicators.Based on the principle of multistage guidance,4 test schemes for guidance facilities were designed.The influence of presence,shape,distance and height of tunnel entrance guidance facilities on driving behavior was studied by using driving simulation test.The optimization technology for active guidance facilities at tunnel entrance approach section was formed.The result indicates that the guidance facilities can focus drivers’view on tunnel entrance in advance,and help drivers process the tunnel entrance cognitive information.That improves drivers’lateral control ability in front of the tunnel entrance,and reduce the accident rate.Different shape guidance facilities have different effects on drivers.Among them,the arc guidance facilities have better guidance effect than the cylindrical one,because the arc guidance marker is closer to the shape of tunnel entrance,which can make drivers perceive the tunnel entrance in advance,and enhance drivers’visual attention to tunnel entrance.Both 4 m and 8 m can play the role of guidance facilities,but 4 m leads to overlapping guidance facilities at high speed.Considering economy and feasibility,8 m is the best setting distance.Compared with the setting mode with the same height,the gradual elevation of guidance facilities has a better guidance effect on drivers.It can realize the continuous effect of guidance facilities and the facade marking of tunnel entrance,which makes drivers’sight focus on the tunnel entrance,and achieve the effect of early guidance and strong guidance.
作者
高玉慧
张少军
闫渊慧
马云
杜晓川
GAO Yu-hui;ZHANG Shao-jun;YAN Yuan-hui;MA Yun;DU Xiao-chuan(Yunnan Communications Investment&Construction Group Co.,Ltd.,Kunming,Yunnan 650000,China;Beijing Zhongluan Traffic Technological Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100070,China;Research Institute of Highway,Ministry of Transport,Beijing 100088,China)
出处
《公路交通科技》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第S02期253-262,286,共11页
Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development
关键词
交通工程
主动诱导设施设置优化技术
驾驶模拟试验
驾驶表现
视觉感知
traffic engineering
optimization technology for active guidance facility setup
driving simulation test
driving performance
visual perception
作者简介
高玉慧(1969-),女,云南永胜人,高级工程师.(1059216837@qq.com);通讯作者:张少军(1995-),女,河北衡水人,硕士.(510460667@qq.com)
