摘要
目前以一种或两种金属元素为主元的传统轻质合金在工业应用上有诸多局限性,如铝合金室温强度低、镁合金室温塑性和耐腐蚀性差且不易加工等。2004年叶均蔚首次正式提出高熵合金概念。高熵合金概念的提出为轻质合金的发展提供了新方向。区别于传统轻质合金,轻质高熵合金具有多种主元元素且混合熵较高,往往倾向于生成简单固溶体相。且轻质高熵合金表现出四大显著效应,即热力学上的高熵效应、动力学上的缓慢扩散效应、结构上的晶格畸变效应及性能上的"鸡尾酒"效应。独特的晶体结构和特性,使得轻质高熵合金具有传统轻质合金无法比拟的优点,如高强度、高硬度、优良的高温抗氧化性和耐腐蚀性能等。综述了轻质高熵合金的研究现状,阐述了轻质高熵合金的组元设计、制备方法、微观结构及合金性能,分析了轻质高熵合金现存的问题,并对轻质高熵合金未来的发展趋势进行了展望。
Traditional light-weight alloys based on one or two metal elements have many limitations in industrial application,such as low strength of aluminum alloy at room temperature,poor plasticity and corrosion resistance of magnesium alloy at room temperature and difficult processing.In 2004,YEH formally proposed the concept of high-entropy alloy for the first time.The concept of high-entropy alloy provides a new direction for the development of light-weight alloy.Different from traditional light-weight alloys,light-weight high-entropy alloys have many principal elements and high mixing entropy,which tend to form simple solid solution phases.Moreover,lightweight high-entropy alloy shows four significant effects,namely,high entropy effect in thermodynamics,slow diffusion effect in dynamics,lattice distortion effect in structure and cocktail effect in performance.Unique crystal structure and characteristics make lightweight high-entropy alloys have incomparable advantages over traditional light-weight alloys,such as high strength,high hardness,excellent high temperature oxidation resistance and corrosion resistance.The research status of light-weight high-entropy alloys is summarized,and the component design,preparation methods,microstructure and alloy properties of light-weight high-entropy alloys are described.The existing problems of light-weight high-entropy alloys are analyzed,and the future development trend of light-weight highentropy alloys is prospected.
作者
周鹏远
刘洪喜
张晓伟
郝轩弘
王悦怡
陈林
ZHOU Pengyuan;LIU Hongxi;ZHANG Xiaowei;HAO Xuanhong;WANG Yueyi;CHEN Lin(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China)
出处
《中国表面工程》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第2期13-24,共12页
China Surface Engineering
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(6196302,11674134)
关键词
轻质高熵合金
组元设计
制备方法
微观结构
合金性能
light-weight high-entropy alloy
component design
preparation method
microstructure
alloy property
作者简介
周鹏远,男,1996年出生,硕士研究生。主要研究方向为涂层优化设计与合成、激光束表面改性和高熵合金。E-mail:zhoupengyuan@stu.kust.edu.cn;通信作者:刘洪喜,男,1972年出生,博士,教授,博士研究生导师。主要研究方向为涂层优化设计与合成、激光束表面改性和高嫡合金。E-mail:piiiliuhx@sina.com
