摘要
在全球变暖的背景下,作为固态淡水资源库的冰冻圈发生剧烈变化,进而直接影响流域水文过程.因此,冰冻圈水文的研究对于流域水资源利用与管理具有重要意义.近年来,冰冻圈普遍呈现退缩趋势,主要表现为:冰川面积减小、物质亏损,冰川径流增加;积雪面积和雪水当量减小,积雪融化时间提前;多年冻土面积减小、活动层增厚、季节性冻土最大冻结深度和冻结时间减小,但是其对径流的影响效应仍然存在争议.目前研究仍存在数据具有较大的不确定性、对冰冻圈水文内在机制的物理过程认识不足,以及缺乏考虑完整冰冻圈要素的系统研究等几个方面的不足.未来关于新型观测技术手段的研发、包含完整冰冻圈水文过程的物理模型的研发及其应用,将是冰冻圈水文学研究的重点.
Due to global warming effects,land cryosphere as a solid freshwater resource reservoir,has undergone drastic changes,directly affecting basin-scale hydrological processes.The study of cryosphere hydrology is therefore of great importance in regards to the utilization and management of basin-wide water resources.The cryosphere has,in recent years,generally shown a shrinking trend.The manifestations are manyfold:vanishing glacier area,mass loss,increased glacier runoff;decreasing snow area and snow water equivalent,as well as time advances in snow melting;shrinking area and thickening active layer for permafrost,as well as reduction in maximum freezing depth and freezing time for seasonally frozen ground,with impacts on runoff still being controversial.Difficulties in cryosphere-hydrology studies include large uncertainty in research data,lack of clear understanding of internal physical processes of cryosphere-hydrology,and lack of systematic and integrated research taking into account of all land cryosphere elements.Development of new observation technology and methods,development/application of physically-based cryosphere-hydrology modeling including complete cryosphere elements should be the focus of future land cryosphere-hydrology studies.
作者
王磊
刘虎
雍斌
宋蕾
李秀萍
WANG Lei;LIU Hu;YONG Bin;SONG Lei;LI Xiuping(Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinesa Academy of Sciences,100101,Beijing,China;Hohai University,210098,Nanjing,Jiangsu,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,100049,Beijing,China)
出处
《北京师范大学学报（自然科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第3期489-496,共8页
Journal of Beijing Normal University(Natural Science)
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(41988101)
关键词
冰冻圈水文
冰雪
冻土
河流
气候变化
cryosphere-hydrology
glacier and snow
frozen ground
river
climate change
作者简介
通信作者:王磊(1981—),男,博士,研究员.研究方向:高寒区水文过程.E-mail:wanglei@itpcas.ac.cn
