摘要
C57BL/6J小鼠妊娠12.5 d和Wistar大鼠妊娠13.0 d时,单次腹腔注射氚水,活度分别为0、24.09×104、48.18×104和144.54×104 Bq/g,探讨低剂量氚照射对仔鼠中枢神经系统的影响及其机理。结果发现:(1)出生前氚照射可导致出生后生长发育受阻,神经行为早期的兴奋状态转为后期的抑制状态,学习能力及记忆功能明显下降;(2)大脑和小脑皮质厚度变薄,锥体细胞数减少,初级和次级树突数和比值明显减少,海马锥体细胞数减少以及脑神经元细胞缺失;(3)脑垂体生长抑素增高,下丘脑精氨酸加压素减少;(4)发育中的神经元表现出Ca2+电流降低,凋亡增加,DNA梯状图谱以及p53蛋白表达增高;(5)56项生物学指标中,45项致畸阈值在0.03~0.092 Gy范围内,11项致畸阈值在0.093~0.30 Gy范围内。结论认为,氚辐射导致中枢神经系统损伤的物质基础主要是脑神经活性物质改变、海马神经元Ca2+电流幅度下降、脑细胞凋亡增加、p53蛋白表达异常等。
Effects of low-dose tritium on thecentral nervous system of offspring mice and rats were studied.C57 BL/6 J mice and Wistar ratswere given single intraperitoneal injection of tritiated water,at doses of 0.00,24.09,48.18 and 144.54(×104 Bq/g)on the 12.5 th and 13 th day of gestation respectively.The results showthat pre-natal tritium irradiation leads to:(1)hindered growth and development after birth,a transform of neurobehavioral behavior from the early excitatory state to a late inhibition state,significantly reducedlearning ability and memory function;(2)thinning brain and cerebellar cortex thickness,decreased number of pyramidal cells,markedly decreased number and ratio of primary and secondary dendrites,decreased number of hippocampal pyramidal cells and loss of brain neuron cells;(3)increased pituitary somatostatin and decreased hypothalamic arginine vasopressin;(4)decreased Ca2+current,increased apoptosis,increased DNA ladder map and p53 protein expression for developing neurons;(5)teratogenic thresholds of 0.03-0.092 Gy for 45 biological indicators,and 0.093-0.30 Gy for the other 11 ones studied concurrently.It is concluded that the material basis of central nervous system damage caused by tritium radiation is mainly the change of brain neuroactive substances,the decrease of Ca2+current amplitude of hippocampal neurons,the increase of brain cell apoptosis,and the abnormal expression of p53 protein.
作者
王冰
吕慧敏
刘玉龙
高卫民
王春燕
董金婵
张伟
陈炜博
Wang Bing;Lyu Huimin;Liu Yulong;Gao Weimin;Wang Chunyan;Dong Jinchan;Zhang Wei;Chen Weibo(Institute of Raoliation Medicine,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Tianjin,300192;National Institute for Radiological Protection,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Beijing,100088;Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University,Suzhou,Jiangsu,215004)
出处
《辐射防护通讯》
2019年第5期2-18,共17页
Radiation Protection Bulletin
基金
卫生部科学研究基金(88204094,94-1-096,96-2-050)
国家自然科学研究基金(39170274)
卫生部工业卫生实验所所长基金(2000—2002年).
作者简介
王冰(1965—),男,1990年毕业于北京医科大学(现北京大学医学部)预防医学专业,本科,1992年毕业于预防医学科学院(现中国疾病预防控制中心)预防医学专业,硕士,1997年毕业于东京大学生命科学专业,博士。研究员。主要从事放射生物学研究;通讯作者:刘玉龙,yulongliu2002@126.com
