摘要
目的分析陆军某部队官兵下肢军事训练伤的发生特点及规律。方法利用某军队卫勤系统收集2010年1月至2019年12月陆军某部队符合下肢军事训练伤的伤残官兵数据资料。从伤员基本情况、损伤部位、损伤结构、损伤类型、伤残等级和损伤时间等方面对下肢训练伤发生特点进行流行病学调查。根据损伤类型不同,将下肢训练伤分为急性创伤性损伤和过劳性损伤,并从性别、年龄、岗位类型、损伤部位、损伤结构方面对两种损伤类型进行比较。结果2010-2019年共发生下肢军事训练伤2223例,其中男性2191例(98.56%)。21~30岁年龄组发生率最高(55.15%),士兵是主要受伤群体(79.98%)。损伤部位前3位分别是膝关节(63.52%)、踝关节(18.13%)、小腿(7.42%)。损伤结构前3位分别是关节(45.16%)、韧带(36.39%)、骨骼(16.60%),其中半月板、前交叉韧带和股骨分别是关节、韧带和骨骼的主要损伤结构。从损伤类型看,急性创伤性损伤2058例(92.58%),过劳性损伤165例(7.42%),急性创伤性损伤在膝关节、踝关节、韧带的发生率显著高于过劳性损伤,但在髋关节、足部、骨骼的发生率显著低于过劳性损伤(P<0.05)。伤残等级集中在8~10级(98.46%),对应的伤残表现为轻度功能障碍。每年的3~5月与10~12月的下肢训练伤发生率较高,占比分别为27.85%和29.82%。结论下肢训练伤中膝关节是最常见损伤部位,半月板和前交叉韧带是主要损伤结构,急性创伤性损伤是主要损伤类型,轻度功能障碍是主要伤残特点。春冬季节是下肢训练伤的高发期。
Objective To analyze the characteristics and regularity of military training injuries in lower limbs in an army unit.Methods From January 2010 to December 2019,a military medical service system was used to collect the data of disabled officers and soldiers with military training injuries in lower limbs of an army unit.Epidemiology investigation was performed to analyze the features of military training injuries in lower limbs according to the basic information of the patients,the site of injury,the structure of injury,the type of injury,the degree of disability and the time regularity of injury.The military training injuries in lower limbs were classified as the acute traumatic injury and the overwork injury according to the types of injury,and the two types of injury were compared in terms of gender,age,position types,sites of injury and injury structures.Results A total of 2223 cases of lower limbs training injuries were reported in 10 years,of which 2191 cases(98.56%)were males.The highest incidence rate(55.15%)of the military training injuries in lower limbs appeared in the 21~30 age group.Soldiers were the main injured group(79.98%).Knee joints(63.52%),ankle joints(18.13%),and shanks(7.42%)were the top 3 injury sites.As to the injury structures,joints(45.16%),ligaments(36.39%)and bones(16.60%)ranked the first,second and third place.Meniscus,anterior cruciate ligament and femur were the main injured structures of joint,ligament and bone.Regarding injury types,2058 cases(92.58%)were classified as the acute traumatic injury and 165 cases(7.42%)were classified as the overwork injury.The incidence of acute traumatic injury in knee joint,ankle joint and ligament were significantly higher than that of the overwork injury,but the incidence of acute traumatic injury in hip joint,foot and bone were lower than that of the overwork injury(P<0.05).Most patients injured were classified in 8~10 degree of the disability grade(98.46%),with the mild dysfunction as the main symptoms.The military training injury in lower limbs tended to happen in the Spring(March to May)and the Winter(October to December),accounting for 27.85%and 29.82%respectively.Conclusion Knee joint is the most common injury part,and meniscus and anterior cruciate ligament are the main injury structures.Acute traumatic injury is the leading type of injury,and mild dysfunction is the main feature of disability.It is found that the favorable incidence of the military training injuries of lower limbs is in Spring and Winter.
作者
杨森
杜诗宇
张杰
YANG Sen;DU Shiyu;ZHANG Jie(Department of Orthopaedics,the 83rd Group Army Hospital of PLA,Xinxiang,Henan Province,453000;Department of Combat Medical Service,Army Medical Center of PLA,Chongqing,400042;Hongshankou Outpatient Department,Beijing North Medical District,PLA General Hospital,Beijing,100091,China)
出处
《陆军军医大学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2022年第22期2346-2352,共7页
Journal of Army Medical University
关键词
陆军
军事训练伤
下肢
关节
army
military training injury
lower limbs
joint
作者简介
通信作者:张杰,E-mail:zhjj608@sina.com
