摘要
水土资源匹配往往直接影响着各个地区的粮食生产状况,是经济社会高质量发展和农业生产现代化的基础。以黄河流经的9个省区[以下简称“沿黄九省(区)”]为例,基于自然本底和用水总量控制状况的可利用水资源、耕地资源总量以及灌溉耕地资源量4个要素耦合构建了水—耕地—粮食三元协同关系模型,探析了2010—2020年沿黄九省(区)“省—市”尺度水土资源匹配的时空演变特征及各影响要素的贡献度。结果表明:(1)沿黄九省(区)基于自然本底的二元水土资源匹配程度在不断提高,水土资源匹配格局相对稳定但区域差异明显,表现为“西高东低”;(2)从自然本底状况的耕地总量和灌溉耕地量来看,沿黄九省(区)水—耕地—粮食三元协同匹配格局大致呈现3种情况:西部和东北部为重度缺水地区,北部和中北部地区也存在不同程度的缺水,中部和中东部地区呈现多元化分布格局;从用水总量控制状况来看,耕地总量与灌溉耕地下的三元协同匹配格局存在较大差异。(3)不同情景下,水资源贡献率平均超过50%,灌溉水有效利用系数和灌溉定额贡献率总和超过30%,表明提高水资源有效利用率、设定合理的灌溉定额对水土资源匹配程度有举足轻重的影响。研究结果有助于增加对水资源开发利用、耕地生产能力和开垦程度以及粮食产量的相互依存、相互制约等纽带关系的认知。
The matching of water and land resources often directly affects food production in various regions and is the basis for high-quality economic and social development and modernization of agricultural production.Using nine provinces along the Yellow River as examples,based on the cross-coupling of four elements,such as the natural background of water resources and water resources for total water consumption control,this study constructed a ternary synergistic model of water-cultivated land-grain by cross-coupling.The matching coefficients of water and soil resources from 2010 to 2020 under each scenario were calculated,and the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of water and soil resources matching along the“province-city”scale of the nine provinces along the Yellow River and the contribution degree of each element were analyzed.The results showed that:①The matching degree of binary water and soil resources based on the natural background of water resources in the nine provinces was improved as a whole,and the matching pattern of water and soil resources was relatively stable;however,the regional differences are notable and manifested as“high in the west and low in the east.”②Along the three-way coordinated matching pattern of water-arable land and grain in the nine provinces,from the perspective of the total amount of cultivated land and the amount of irrigated arable land in the natural background of water resources,roughly three distribution patterns were presented:the western and northeastern regions were severely water-deficient areas,the northern and north-central regions typically had varying degrees of water shortage,and the central and eastern regions exhibited a diversified distribution pattern;from the perspective of total water consumption control,a remarkable difference is observed between the total amount of cultivated land and the three-way cooperative matching pattern of irrigated cultivated ground.③Under the four scenarios,the average contribution rate of water resources were>50%,and the sum of the effective utilization coefficient of irrigation water and the contribution rate of the irrigation quota were>30%,indicating that increasing the effective utilization coefficient and setting a reasonable irrigation quota had a decisive impact on the change in water and soil resource matching.These results improve our understanding of the relationship between water resources and exploitation,cultivated land production capacity,and reclamation,as well as the interdependence and constraints of the grain planting structure.
作者
马维兢
王耀辰
寇敬雯
杨海江
薛冰
勾晓华
MA Weijing;WANG Yaochen;KOU Jingwen;YANG Haijiang;XUE Bing;GOU Xiaohua(College of Earth and Environmental Sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China;Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China)
出处
《地球科学进展》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第12期1243-1258,共16页
Advances in Earth Science
基金
国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(编号:42201302)
兰州大学“双一流”建设人才引进项目(编号:561120213)资助
关键词
水—耕地—粮食
协同关系
情景分析
沿黄九省(区)
Water-land-food
Synergies
Scenario analysis
Nine provinces along the Yellow River
作者简介
First author:马维兢,研究员,主要从事农业生态系统可持续性研究.E-mail:maweijing@lzu.edu.cn
