摘要
焊条湿度过高会导致焊接中产生气泡、气孔等明显的质量问题。为满足焊条湿度的现场无损检测,提出一种柔性叉指电容式焊条湿度检测方法。首先,以新型柔性叉指电容式传感器为基础,建立有限元模型,研究叉指电极结构参数对传感器性能的影响;然后,利用BP神经网络和遗传算法对叉指电容式焊条湿度传感器的结构进行参数优化,得到湿度传感器最优的设计方案;最后,设计U型弹性机构起到完全包裹焊条的作用,完成J507和J607焊条湿度检测实验和标定实验。仿真与实验结果表明,叉指电极结构参数为最优时,传感器检测深度约为1.4 mm(小于焊条药皮厚度),焊条湿度值与电容值拟合优度达到0.98。本方法对湿度值在0.117%~2.5%的焊条具有良好的检测能力,为实现焊条湿度的现场、无损检测技术提供了新思路,有助于避免焊接过程中产生焊接缺陷。
High humidity in the welding rod can lead to obvious quality problems such as bubbles and porosity in the weld. In order to meet the non-destructive detection of welding rod humidity in the field, a flexible interdigital capacitive rod humidity detection method is proposed. Firstly, a finite element model was established based on the new flexible interdigital capacitive sensor to study the influence of the structural parameters of the interdigital electrode on the sensor performance. Then, the parameters of the structure of the interdigital capacitive welding rod humidity sensor were optimized using BP neural network and genetic algorithm, and the optimal design of the humidity sensor was obtained. Finally, the U-shaped elastic mechanism was designed to completely wrap the welding rod and complete the humidity testing and calibration experiments for J507 and J607 welding rods. The simulation and experimental results show that the sensor detection depth is about 1.4 mm(less than the thickness of the electrode flux) when the structural parameters of the interdigital electrode are optimal, and the goodness of fit of the electrode humidity value to the capacitance value reaches 0.98. This method has good detection capability for welding rods with humidity values in the range of 0.117% to 2.5%, which provides a new idea for realizing on-site, nondestructive detection technology of welding rod humidity and helps to avoid welding defects during the welding process.
作者
王俊琴
张爱华
祁靖
朱亮
Wang Junqin;Zhang Aihua;Qi Jing;Zhu Liang(College of Electrical and Information Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China;Key Experiment of Gansu Advanced Control for Industrial Process,Lanzhou 730050,China;College of Materials Science and Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China)
出处
《电子测量与仪器学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2023年第1期157-166,共10页
Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrumentation
基金
国家自然科学基金(62173170)项目资助
关键词
叉指电容
焊条湿度
介电常数
有限元仿真
遗传算法
interdigital capacitive
welding rod humidity
dielectric constant
finite element simulation
genetic algorithm
作者简介
王俊琴,2019年于西北师范大学获得学士学位,现就读于兰州理工大学,主要研究方向为检测技术与自动化装置。E-mail:wangjunqin315@163.com;通信作者:张爱华,1991年于兰州理工大学获硕士学位,2005年于西安交通大学获博士学位,现为现为兰州理工大学教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向为检测技术与自动化装置、模式识别与智能系统、电路与控制系统。E-mail:zhangaihua@lut.edu.cn;祁靖,2017年于江苏大学获得学士学位,现就读于兰州理工大学,主要研究方向为检测技术与自动化装置。E-mail:1064053598@qq.com;朱亮,1989年于兰州理工大学获硕士学位,2005年在兰州理工大学获博士学位,现为兰州理工大学教授。主要研究方向为材料强度及韧性、变形及断裂、焊接工艺及焊接设备控制。E-mail:zhul@lut.cn
