摘要
对外援助一直是国际政治和经济领域重要的研究和政策议题。作为世界上最大的援助国,尽管学界针对美国对最大受援对象非洲的援助进行了大量的研究,但在技术援助这一领域缺乏深入研究。本文试图从政府与社会组织的视角,运用国际政治经济学中发展援助理论和实证方法,厘清美国对非洲援助的有关理论依据,剖析美国对非洲实施技术援助的动因,在全面探讨美国利用科技设备对非洲进行援助的案例和援助项目下,以净水产品在赞比亚推广和使用作为案例,了解援助过程中在政策层面和技术层面的弱点和局限性,剖析美国技术援助的利弊。本文主张美国政府需要克服技术援助当中政策和补贴的不连续性、援助比例过小、援助重点不突出以及缺乏完整的援助纲领等问题。本文的研究结论对中国在非洲开展科技援助以更好促进中非合作具有一定的启示。
Foreign aid has always been an important research and policy topic in the field of international politics and economics.As the world's largest aid donor,although a large number of studies have been conducted in the academic field on U.S.aid to Africa,there is a lack of in-depth research in this area of technical assistance.This paper attempts to clarify the theoretical basis of U.S.aid to Africa from the perspective of government and social organizations,apply development aid theory and empirical methods in international political economy,analyze the motivation of U.S.technical aid to Africa,and utilize the promotion of water purification products in Zambia as a case study to reflect the comprehensive discussion of U.S.technical assistance projects using scientific and technological equipment to Africa.In this paper,we analyze the advantages and disadvantages of the U.S.technical assistance by examining the weaknesses and limitations at the policy and technical levels.This paper argues that the U.S.government needs to overcome the discontinuity of policies and subsidies,the small percentage of aid,the lack of focus,and the lack of a complete aid agenda in technical assistance.The findings of this paper have implications for China's technical assistance in Africa to better promote China-Africa cooperation.
出处
《复旦公共行政评论》
2022年第1期297-316,共20页
Fudan Public Administration Review
关键词
美国
非洲
中国
技术援助
净水产品
America
Africa
China
Technical Assistance
Water Purification Products
作者简介
娄德兰,美国布朗大学沃森国际与公共事务研究所硕士研究生;赵剑治,复旦大学国际关系与公共事务学院副教授。
