摘要
该文以探究对玉米秸秆不同前处理后与煤矸石不同配比制作可完全替代泥炭为主要原料的水稻育苗基质为目的,采用玉米秸秆和煤矸石为原料,分为1%NaOH处理与未处理玉米秸秆进行堆腐发酵,将堆腐后玉米秸秆与煤矸石按体积比设立6种基质梯度进行混配后开展水稻育苗生长实验,同时以商品化育苗基质为对照,研究6种不同梯度基质对水稻秧苗生长特性及生物量的影响,以期提供最佳的水稻育苗基质。研究结果表明:未经1%NaOH处理堆腐的玉米秸秆与煤矸石混配后,水稻出苗率<70%,不宜用作水稻育苗基质;经1%NaOH处理堆腐的玉米秸秆与煤矸石合理混配后水稻秧苗生长状况较佳,且当玉米秸秆∶煤矸石∶珍珠岩=54%∶36%∶10%时,水稻秧苗的地上干重、地下干重和壮苗指数最高,叶片叶绿素含量最大,与CK处理相比,分别提高了50.5%、68.5%、69.4%和8.3%;当玉米秸秆∶煤矸石∶珍珠岩=63%∶27%∶10%时,水稻叶龄进程最短,根茎最粗,说明2种配比均可替代泥炭生产水稻育苗基质。
In order to making rice seedling-raising substrates,corn straw and coal gangue were used as raw materials to study the replaceable peat.Corn straw was divided into 1%NaOH treatment and untreated,and both of them were fermented with coal gangue.After composting,a matrix mixed growth experiment of six gradients divided by the volume ratio of maize straw and coal matrix were carried out to test rice growth status.At the same time,the effects of the six gradient matrices on the growth characteristics and biomass of rice seedlings were compared with commercial seeding substrate,in order to provide the best rice seedlings substrate.The results showed the emergence rate of untreated corn straw less than 70%,which was not appropriate for rice seedling-raising matrix.The rice seedlings got a good growth status with 1%NaOH treated rotten straw and coal gangue.What’s more,the rice’s dry weight on the ground and underground,index of strong seedlings the chlorophyll content of leaves was highest when substrates made by corn straw and corn straw∶coal gangue∶perlite as 54%∶36%∶10%,which was 50.5%,68.5%,69.4%and 8.3%increase respectively when opposed to CK treatment.When maize straw∶coal gangue∶perlite as 63%∶27%∶10%,the process of rice leaf age was shortest and the rhizome was thickest,indicating that the two ratios could replace peat to produce rice seedling-raising matrix.
作者
李娜
牛明芬
马建
王争妍
鲁彩艳
宋佳丽
LI Na;NIU Mingfen;MA Jian;WANG Zhengyan;LU Caiyan;SONG Jiali(School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering,Shenyang Architectural University,Shenyang 110168,China;Shenyang Institute of Applied Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shenyang 110016,China)
出处
《环境科学与技术》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2019年第11期154-161,共8页
Environmental Science & Technology
基金
辽宁省教育厅产业技术研究院应用研究项目:作物秸秆与畜禽粪便的资源化利用研究
沈阳市中青年科技创新人才支持计划项目(RC180179)
寿光设施农业中心开放性科研项目(2018SG-Y-03)
国家水体污染与控制重大科技专项:辽河流域典型优控单元污染治理模式与工程应用课题(2018ZX07601-02).
关键词
玉米秸秆
堆腐发酵
泥炭
水稻
育苗基质
corn straw
composting fermentation
peat
rice
seedling matrix
作者简介
李娜(1994-),女,硕士研究生,从事农业固体废弃物资源化利用研究,(电子信箱)lina00371@163.com;通讯作者:马建,男,助理研究员,博士,主要从事农业非点源污染方面的研究,(电子信箱)mroger@163.com。
