摘要
随着风险刑法理论的兴起,我国刑法体系的立法模式逐步呈现出预防走向。通过梳理我国刑法体系中的预防性措施及其特点发现,以刑事禁止令和从业禁止制度为代表的预防性措施的立法入刑,预示着我国刑事制裁体系正发生着结构性变化和功能转型。新增预防性措施在立法定位上不同于刑罚、非刑罚处罚措施及保安处分,现有语境中其立法定位应是"具有保安处分特点的强制性处遇措施"。但刑事禁止令和从业禁止制度的规定对我国刑事制裁体系带来了冲击:导致传统刑事制裁体系的失衡;与传统刑罚具体内容交叉重复;司法适用可能超出原有刑罚配置量。从长远的角度看,应考虑将新增预防性措施整合后纳入资格刑的范畴,提升其刑法地位,才可消解其所造成的冲击,推动我国刑事制裁体系的结构优化和功能完善。
As the development of the risk criminal law theory,the legislation mode of China’s criminal law system shows the trend of prevention step by step.It can be found by analyzing the preventive measures and their characteristics in China’s criminal law system,the preventive measures represented by the criminal injunction and the employment prohibition system are prescribed in the criminal code.It indicates that China’s criminal sanction system is undergoing structural changes and functional transformation.The new preventive measures are different from penalization,Non-Penalty methods and security punishment.In China’s current criminal law system,its legislative orientation should be"the compulsory measures of dealing with cases with the characteristics of security punishment".However,the regulations of the criminal injunction and the employment prohibition system have brought impact to the criminal sanction system of our country.It can lead to the imbalance of the traditional criminal sanction system,overlapping and repeating with the specific content of traditional penalty;Judicial application may exceed the original allocation of punishment.In the long run,we should consider incorporating new preventive measures into the scope of qualifications Penalty.In this way,the status of criminal law can be improved,the impact of which can be eliminated,and the structure and function of China’s criminal sanctions system can be improved.
出处
《刑法论丛》
2019年第1期175-200,共26页
Criminal Law Review
基金
教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“法治社会背景下刑事禁止令在社区矫正中的应用研究”(编号:17YJC820022)的阶段性研究成果.
关键词
预防性措施
刑事禁止令
从业禁止
人身危险性
资格刑
Preventive measures
Criminal injunction
Employment prohibition system
Personal danger
Qualifications penalty
作者简介
李岚林,北京师范大学刑事法律科学研究院博士后,西北政法大学讲师,法学博士。
