摘要
应用积温指标法对廊坊市北、中、南不同地区的冬小麦播种期进行了初步研究。结果表明,廊坊市各地20世纪70年代开始有效积温基本呈持续上升的趋势,70年代期间各地的积温变化比较接近,其变化规律是2~3年为一个振荡周期;80年代至90年代在总体上升的趋势下,中部、南部的历史积温的上升幅度较北部更明显,各地的变化规律是3~4年为一个振荡周期;进入21世纪,各地的有效积温均达到了历史最高值,而振荡周期开始明显加大,可能变为7年甚至更长。根据冬麦区的冬前壮苗所需积温,结合不同品种的播种适期所要求的温度,反推得到廊坊市冬小麦的适宜品种应为冬性品种。分析表明,受气候变化影响,从20世纪70年代到21世纪,廊坊市北部、南部地区的宜播期明显推迟,北部地区由9月27日推迟到9月29日,南部地区由9月28日推迟到10月3日,但中部地区基本无变化,仍在9月28日。实际生产中应密切关注当年的气候变化状况,日平均气温稳定下降到16~18℃时应考虑提前开始播种,从而避免或降低后期遭受低温、冻害的不利影响。
The change of seeding date of winter wheat on the research of effective accumulated temperature in Langfang city was analysised.The results showed that effective accumulated temperature was in the situation of constantly rising since 1970’s in different area of Langfang city,and the changes were similar in different area with 2~3 years oscillation period.The oscillation period converted 3~4 years with a rising ensemble in 1980’s and 1990’s,in which the rising amplitude of effective accumulated temperature in middle and south area were more evident than northern.The effective accumulated temperature in different area obviously increased with 7 years oscillation period or more in 21 th century.According to the accumulated temperature of pre-winter seedling in winter wheat area,combined with the temperature required by the suitable sowing period of different varieties,it was deduced that the suitable varieties of winter wheat in Langfang city should be winter varieties.The befitting seeding date were delayed during some area of Langfang because of the climate change from 1970’s to 21 th century.The date delayed from 27 September to 29 September in north area,in south area the date changed from 28 September to 3 October,but in central area the date was still on 28 September.The actual production should pay close attention to the climate change in that year.When the daily average temperature dropped to 16~18℃,it should be considered to start sowing in advance,so as to avoid or reduce the adverse effects of low temperature and freezing in the later period.
作者
李茜
单琨
任福玲
罗晶
杨帅
LI Qian;SHAN Kun;REN Fu-ling;LUO Jing;YANG Shuai(Langfang Meteorological Bureau,Langfang 065000,Hebei,China)
出处
《湖北农业科学》
2019年第S02期176-179,共4页
Hubei Agricultural Sciences
关键词
冬小麦
冬前积温
适播期
winter wheat
effective accumulated temperature
befitting seeding date
作者简介
李茜(1971-),女,山西浮山人,高级工程师,主要从事天气预报技术、农业气象服务及气候分析等研究,(电话)13403168280(电子信箱)108668698@qq.com。
