摘要
针对植物叶片中多环芳烃(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,PAHs)的萃取已有超声萃取技术、快速溶剂萃取技术等传统萃取方法,不同萃取技术各有优劣,但已被广泛应用在大气和土壤样本的超临界流体萃取技术鲜见被用于萃取植物叶片中的PAHs.本文将超临界流体萃取技术应用于萃取植物叶片PAHs,探索了适用于超临界流体技术萃取植物叶片PAHs的最优实验参数,并将超临界流体萃取技术与传统常用的萃取方法进行了对比.在此基础上,利用超临界流体萃取技术测定比较了香樟、广玉兰、雪松和罗汉松等4种植物叶片中PAHs的含量.结果显示,针对植物叶片中PAHs,超临界流体萃取技术最佳萃取温度为180℃,最佳萃取压力为350 atm;利用超临界流体萃取技术萃取植物叶片中的PAHs,所测得的叶片中PAHs总含量明显高于超声萃取和快速溶剂萃取,总量分别提升6.26%—20.64%及10.00%—33.42%;不同环数PAHs在不同树种叶片中占比不尽相同,总体趋势为:中环>高环>低环,且中环PAHs占比均超过50%.4种树种叶片中单体PAHs含量表现出明显的种间差异,叶片中含量最高的单体PAHs均为中环PAHs的菲+蒽.超临界流体萃取技术在萃取植物叶片中PAHs的实验中具有操作简便、自动化程度高、有机溶剂使用量少、萃取效率高等优点,明显优于其他传统萃取方法.
Traditional extraction methods including ultrasonic extraction technology and rapid-efficient extraction technology have been widely used to extract the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)in plant leaves.Different extraction techniques have their advantages and disadvantages.Supercritical fluid extraction(SFE)techniques,which have been widely used in atmosphere and soil sciences,have not been used to extract PAHs from plant leaves.In our study,we explored the optimal experimental parameters for SFE of PAHs from plant leaves,evaluated the differences between SFE and traditional extraction methods,and further measured the content of PAHs in Cinnamomum camphora,Magnolia grandiflora,Cedrus deodara,and Podocarpus macrophyllus leaves.The results showed that the optimum temperature and pressure in the SFE technology to extract the PAHs in leaves was 180°C and 350 atm.The extracting efficiency was also respectively enhanced 6.26%—20.64%and 10.00%—33.42%compared to ultrasonic and rapid-efficient extraction methods.The ratio of medium-molecular-weight PAHs was the highest(>50%)in different plants,and the order of different rings PAHs in the plants was medium>high>low molecular weights.Moreover,the content of monomeric PAHs among plants was different.The phenanthrene+pyrene in medium-molecular-weight PAHs was the highest.Our study demonstrated that SFE technique that had the advantages of high extraction efficiency and automation,which was worth popularizing to the determination of PAHs in leaves.
作者
田璐
马英歌
谭皓新
刘子桐
孙宁骁
殷杉
TIAN Lu;MA Yingge;TAN Haoxin;LIU Zitong;SUN Ningxiao;YIN Shan(School of Agriculture and Biology,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai,200240,China;Shanghai Urban Forest Research Station,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Shanghai,200240,China;Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences,Shanghai,200233,China;State of Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Formation and Prevention of Urban Air Complex,Shanghai,200233,China;Yangtze River Delta Ecology&Environmental Change and Control Research Station,Shanghai,200240,China;Hongqiao International Airport,Shanghai,200335,China)
出处
《环境化学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第9期2450-2458,共9页
Environmental Chemistry
基金
国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0200104,2017YFC0505501)
国家自然科学基金(31971719)
上海市绿化和市容管理局项目(G171206)资助
关键词
超临界流体萃取
多环芳烃
植物叶片
超声萃取
快速溶剂萃取
supercritical fluid extraction(SFE)
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs)
plant leaves
ultrasonic extraction
high performance solvent extraction(HPSE)
作者简介
通讯联系人:殷杉,Tel:021-34204780,E-mail:yinshan@sjtu.edu.cn
