摘要
目的探讨7~17岁中小学生血压与生长发育之间的关系,为开展中小学生高血压早期预防提供科学依据。方法按照分层整群抽样方法,在辖区内抽取1所高中、2所初中和2所小学,每所学校各年级以整班为单位至少抽取80名学生,调查项目包括血压、身高、体重、月经史等。结果共监测了1725名学生,体质量指数正常、超重和肥胖学生的血压偏高率分别为13.62%、22.15%和29.16%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=51.229,P<0.05);7~11岁、12~14岁和15~17岁组血压偏高率分别为21.85%、15.25%和23.81%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=12.328,P<0.05)。11~12岁年龄组月经组和非月经组身高平均值分别为(157.279±5.300)cm和(150.345±6.817)cm,差异有统计学意义(t=8.023,P<0.05);收缩压平均值分别为(111.98±10.504)mm Hg和(109.69±13.428)mm Hg,舒张压平均值分别为(69.55±7.666)mm Hg和(68.92±7.211)mmHg,差异均无统计学意义(t_(收缩压)=1.341,t_(舒张压)=0.585,均P>0.05)。男女生的血压偏高率分别为19.33%和20.63%,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.455,P>0.05)。结论中小学生血压随年龄增长呈上升趋势;超重、肥胖易导致血压偏高;同年龄组女生身高与月经来潮有关;提示今后应采取有效的血压偏高干预措施,切实加强体育锻炼以提高学生的健康水平。
Objective To explore the relationship between blood pressure and growth and development,and provide a scientific basis for the early prevention of hypertension in primary-and-middle-school students.Methods According to the stratified random cluster sampling method,1 high school,2 junior high schools and 2 primary schools were selected in the jurisdiction.At least 80 students were selected in each grade of the school.The survey items included blood pressure,height,weight,menstrual history,etc.Results A total of 1725 students were monitored,normal body mass index,overweight and obese students were 13.62%,22.15%and 29.16%,respectively,and the differences was statistically significant(χ^(2)=51.229,P<0.05).The prevalence rate of high-level blood pressure was 21.15%for the group aged 7-11 years,15.25%for the group aged 12-14 years,and 23.81%for the group aged 15-17 years,and the differences were statistically significant(χ^(2)=12.328,P<0.05).The mean height values in 11-12 years old groups with experience of menarche and without experience of menarche were(157.279±5.300)cm a nd(150.345±6.817)cm,respectively,and the differences were statistically significant(t=8.023,P<0.05);the mean systolic blood pressure in the above population was(111.98±10.504)mm Hg and(109.69±13.428)mm Hg,respectively;the average diastolic pressure was(69.55±7.666)mm Hg and(68.92±7.211)mm Hg,respectively.The difference was not statistically significant(t_(systolic pressure)=1.341,t_(diastolic pressure)=0.585,P>0.05);high-level blood pressure rates were 19.33%and 20.63%,respectively,and differences were not statistically significant(χ^(2)=0.455,P>0.05).Conclusion Blood pressure of primary and middle school students increases with age;overweight and obesity can lead to high blood pressure;girls in the same age group are related to menstrua-tion;it is suggested that effective intervention of high-level blood pressure should be taken in the future to strengthen physical exercise to improve the health level of students.
作者
孙云芬
郑志军
李海林
彭雪冰
吴殿波
孙丽娟
吴艳丽
SUN Yunfen;ZHENG Zhijun;LI Hailin;PEGN Xuebing;WU Dianbo;SUN Lijuan;WU Yanli(Caofeidian Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Tangshan,Hebei 063299,China)
出处
《河南预防医学杂志》
2021年第11期843-845,共3页
Henan Journal of Preventive Medicine
关键词
中小学生
血压偏高
体质量指数
生长发育
Primary and secondary school students
High-level blood pressure
Body mass index
Growth and development
作者简介
通讯作者:孙云芬,副主任医师,本科,主要从事学校卫生工作,E-mail:hbtsthsyf@163.com
