摘要
汉语中有一类双声/叠韵的同义复合词,它们中的一部分受形符类化、语音演变等因素的影响,其内部理据现多难以知晓,因而在释义时往往被误认作联绵词处理。本文将这类表层形式与联绵词极为相似的双声/叠韵的同义复合词称为“准联绵词”,并以其中的“婵娟”及相关词语的考源为例,提供一种探寻该类词理据的操作方式:在广泛搜集某一准联绵词多种异形的基础上,利用谐声、同源及事理关系,追溯其构成语素被掩盖的核心义,并将语素的核心义组配,重新代入准联绵词出现的各类语境进行检验,修正古书注解及现代辞书中的笼统释义。通过准联绵词的理据探求,有助于该类词释义的精准化、完善化与系统化。
There are some synonymous compound words that appear alliteration or vowel rhyme.The motivation of them has become gradually vague under the assimilation of symbols and phonetic evolution,which makes people difficult to know the internal structure.We refer to this kind of words as“approximate alliterative word”.This paper takes the source of chanjuan(婵娟)and related words as an example,providing a general method which is applicable to the approximate alliterative words.Firstly,we should widely collect the family words of approximate alliterative words.Secondly,we can get the core meaning of morphemes that form the approximate alliterative words under the investigation of homophony,phonetic system and logic relations.Thirdly,we will substitute the core meaning of morphemes into various contexts for testing,so as to modify the general interpretations in ancient books and modern dictionaries.This work may help us to make the interpretation of the approximate alliterative words more precise,integrated and systematic.
出处
《汉语史学报》
2023年第2期200-209,共10页
Journal of Chinese Language History
基金
中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)项目“汉语伴随义副词的类型、来源及演变”(项目编号:23XNH135)的阶段性成果
关键词
准联绵词
理据探求
核心义
谐声关系
婵娟
approximate alliterative word
the exploration of the motivation
core meaning
phonetic system
chanjuan(婵娟)
作者简介
袁也,通信地址:北京市海淀区海淀街道中关村大街59号中国人民大学文学院,邮编:100872,E-mail:soochowyuanye@163.com
