摘要
为研究新型网孔式弹性垫板在极寒环境中的动力性能,建立网孔式弹性垫板三维有限元模型,选用MooneyRivlin本构模型和温度因子模拟不同温度下橡胶材料的力学性能,分析网孔式弹性垫板动刚度和阻尼系数的温变特性;并基于车辆-轨道耦合动力学理论,计算和分析网孔式弹性垫板在极寒条件下的行车安全性和平稳性,评价网孔式弹性垫板在极寒环境中的适用性.研究结果表明:网孔式弹性垫板具有明显的低温敏感性,当温度在-10℃之上时,弹性垫板的动刚度和阻尼系数变化较为稳定,当温度低于-10℃时,弹性垫板的动刚度和阻尼系数随温度降低而急剧增大.温变条件下网孔式弹性垫板对车辆-轨道系统动力学性能有明显的影响:轮轨力和轮重减载率随温度的降低而显著增大,钢轨的垂向动位移量随温度的降低而减小;在极寒的环境中,高速列车的轮重减载率急剧增大,应采用降低列车运行速度的方法确保列车运行安全.
In order to research the dynamic properties of elastic pads for a new pattern mesh-hole in an extremely cold environment,a threedimensional finite element model of a mesh-hole rail pad is established.The Mooney-Rivlin constitutive model is used to simulate the mechanical properties of rubber materials at different temperatures,and the temperature-dependent characteristics of dynamic stiffness and damping coefficients of the mesh-hole rail pads are analyzed.Based on the vehicle-track coupling dynamic theory,the driving safety and stability properties of the rail pads at extremely cold climate are calculated and analyzed,and the applicability of the mesh-hole rail pads in the extremely cold environment is further evaluated.The research conclusions are as follows.The meshhole rail pads have significant low-temperature sensitivity.Namely,above-10°C,the dynamic stiffness and damping coefficients of rail pads are stable,while below this temperature,the dynamic stiffness and damping coefficients of elastic pads increase rapidly.The mesh-hole rail pad has an obvious influence on the dynamic performance of a vehicle-track system when the temperature changes.Namely,the wheel-rail force and wheel load reduction rate increase rapidly with the decrease in temperature,while the vertical dynamic displacement of the rail decreases.Under the extremely cold climate,the wheel load reduction rate of a high-speed passenger vehicle increases sharply,so the method for reducing train speed should be adopted to ensure the safety of train operation.
作者
翟志浩
和振兴
ZHAI ZhiHao;HE ZhenXing(School of Civil Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China;School of Mechanical Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou 730070,China)
出处
《中国科学：技术科学》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2020年第2期235-244,共10页
Scientia Sinica(Technologica)
基金
国家自然科学基金(批准号:11790280,51868037)
牵引动力国家重点实验室开放课题(编号:TPL1902)
甘肃省高等学校科技成果转化项目(编号:2018D-09)资助.
关键词
铁路扣件
弹性垫板
低温
动力性能
车辆-轨道耦合动力学
rail fastening
rail pads
low temperature
dynamic performance
vehicle-track coupled dynamics
作者简介
和振兴,E-mail:hezx@mail.lzjtu.cn
