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腹股沟区皮瓣的血管 三.阴部外浅动脉和静脉的巨微解剖

THE VESSELS OF THE SKIN FLAPS AT GROIN REGION Ⅲ.THE MACRO-MICRO-ANATOMY OF THE SUPERFICIAL EXTERNAL PUDENDAL VESSELS
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摘要 在观察的50例标本中,阴部外浅动脉多分为上、下两主支(82%),两主支来自一个阴部外浅动脉干的占66%。阴部外浅动脉干和具有独立起源的上、下主支,大都起自股动脉。动脉干或上、下主支穿入浅层的位置在大隐静脉末段的内侧缘或外侧缘,并集中在股动脉起点向内10毫米、向下50毫米为中心的一个半径为15毫米的圆内。如果动脉干、上主支、下主支与大隐静脉相遇时,动脉干和下主支多跨过静脉的后方,上主支多跨过静脉的前方。上主支主要分布于耻骨上区、耻骨前区和腹股沟内侧份。采用上主支为游离皮瓣动脉蒂时,可以用股动脉起点下50毫米处与耻骨结节间的连线作皮瓣轴。下主支主要分布于股内侧部上份和耻骨前区。采用下主支为游离皮瓣动脉蒂时,可以用股动脉起点下50毫米处作与耻骨嵴平行的线为轴。上、下主支起始处管径与分布范围密切正相关。阴部外浅静脉大都是阴部外浅动脉的伴行静脉(82%)。讨论了采用有关皮瓣的有利条件。 In 82%of fifty groin regions of the cadavers studied,the superficial external pudendal artery(SEPA)possesses an upper and a lower main branches(UMB,LowMB).In 66%of them,the two main branches come from one common trunk and in the rest,they arise independently.Most of the SEPA trunks or main branches arise from the femoral artery.The penetrating points of the SEPA trunk or main branches through the cribriform fascia are located at the medial or lateral margin of the terminal end of the great saphenous vein around a center 10 mm medial and 50 mm distal to the origin of femoral artery.If the SEPA trunk or main branches are crossing the great saphenous vein,it is frequently found that the SEPA trunk and LowMB are crossing behind but the UMB in front of it.The UMB supplies the suprapubic,prepubic and medial part of the inguinal regions.A line which connects a point 50 mm distal to the origin of femoral artery with the pubic tubercle is suggested as the axis of UMB free skin flap.The LowMB supplies the upper part of anterior medial femoral and prepubic regions.A line which is parallel to the pubic crest and 50 mm distal to the origin of femoral artery is suggested as the axis of LowMB free skin flap.The caliber of each of the two main branches is intimately correladed with the area of the skin which they supplied.In 82%of cases,two sets of superficial veins are not present.These superficial external pudendal veins are also the accompanying veins of the corresponding arteries.The advantages of using these vessels as skin flap pedical vessels were discussed.
作者 陈尔瑜 何光篪 程耕历 刘正津 Chen Eryu;Ho Gwangtsi;Cheng Gengli;Liu Zhengjin(Department of Anatomy,Third Army Medical College)
出处 《解剖学报》 CAS 1982年第3期225-229,共5页 Acta Anatomica Sinica
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