摘要
在城市气候问题持续恶化与精细化城市管理背景下,对城市风热环境的综合评估将为城市通风廊道构建及城市规划提供重要前提。本文利用遥感和地理信息技术,以浙江省中等城市绍兴越城区为研究对象,综合分析绍兴越城区的风环境和热环境,并在通风廊道规划中给出了构建策略。研究结果表明:(1)绍兴越城区全年主导风向为偏东风,近10年平均风速呈明显下降趋势;(2)绍兴越城区年平均气温呈明显上升趋势,温度总体呈明显的北高南低的空间分布趋势,热岛扩张特征由20世纪90年代初的单个强热岛中心至2016年逐步发展为多个强热岛中心,热岛状况不容忽视;(3)城市热岛强度、地表通风潜力的强弱与下垫面地表类型和城市功能定位有直接关系。老城区,生态冷源少,地表通风潜力较低,热岛效应较强;而北部和西北部的工业新区由于工业密集,属于高能耗地区,热岛强度甚至高于老城区,越城区的东南部为山地,热岛效应较弱。初步构建的廊道规划方案,将冷源和新鲜空气引入城区内部,有利于缓解绍兴越城区热岛效应和增强城市的空气流动性,为绍兴缓解城市热岛、城市规划提供重要决策依据。
The comprehensive assessment of urban heat and ventilation environment will provide an important premise for the construction of urban ventilation corridors and urban planning under the background of continuous deterioration of urban climate problem and refined urban management.A method of heat and ventilation environment assessment for city planning was utilized based on remote sensing and geographic information technology,and Yuecheng district of Shaoxing,a medium-sized city was the study area.Then the heat and ventilation environment were comprehensively analyzed and puts forward the construction strategy in the ventilation corridor planning.The results show that the average annual wind speed decreased in past 10 years.The average annual temperature in the study area shows an obvious rising trend,and the temperature presented the trend of high temperature in the north and low temperature in the south.The expansion characteristics of heat island are shown as follows:in the early1990 s,it was a single center and in 2016,it gradually developed into multiple centers of strong heat island.The situation of heat island cannot be ignored.The intensity of heat island and the potential of surface ventilation are directly related to the surface type of surface type and the orientation of urban functions.The main urban area,with few ecological cold sources,low surface ventilation potential and strong heat island effect while the industrial areas in the north and northwest are high energy consumption areas and a large amount of heat energy.The heat island intensity is higher than that in the old city,and the southeast of the city has a weak heat island effect.The preliminary ventilated corridors planning scheme with 7 first-class ventilated corridors and 12 second-class ventilated corridors are constructed based on evaluation of ecological cold source grades,SUHI,surface ventilation potential and background wind characteristics,which can effectively mitigate the heat island effect and add the air circulation.Control index and planning strategy were proposed for the trend,width and layout of ventilation corridors.
作者
蔡菊珍
何月
樊高峰
张育慧
党冰
Cai Juzhen;He Yue;Fan Gaofeng;Zhang Yuhui;Dang Bin(Zhejiang Climate Center,Hangzhou 310017,China;Beijing Climate Center,Beijing 100089,China)
出处
《科技通报》
2021年第3期104-112,共9页
Bulletin of Science and Technology
基金
浙江省自然基金项目(LDF18D050001,2017C33072)
中国气象局气候变化专项(CCSF202036)
关键词
通风廊道
城市热岛
热环境
地表温度
绍兴
ventilated corridor
urban heat island
heat environment
surface temperature
Shaoxing
作者简介
蔡菊珍,E-mail:6813820@qq.com。
