摘要
电话女接线生是近代中国重要的女性职业之一,从事这项职业的女性被认为是“摩登女性”的代表。通过对晚清民国时期大众报刊、档案等史料的整理,梳理出中国近代电话接线生职业从业性别的转变;分析了女接线生日常工作中遭遇的控制及其有限的反抗;并着重探讨技术与性别的互动关系。研究发现,女接线生的具身实践构成了电话技术网络的重要组成部分,接线职业的女性化及女接线生媒介形象的广泛传播在一定程度上促使电话有了“她”色彩;同时,电话亦非只是价值中立的简单工具,技术领域的劳动性别分工再现了传统性别文化,新技术领域复制甚至强化了传统的性别观念与秩序。
Female telephone operators were among the significant professions for women in modern China,symbolizing the essence of the“modern women”.By examing historical sources such as mass press and archives from the late Qing to the Republican era,this study sorts out the shifts in gender dynamics within the profession;analyzes the control encountered by women switchboard operators in their daily work and their limited resistance;and focuses on the interaction between technology and gender.The study reveals that the female operators'embodied practices have become an essential part of the telephone technology network,and the feminization of the wiring profession and the wide spread of the media image of female operators,imbuing the telephone with a“feminine identity”to a certain extent.Moreover,the telephone is not just a simple tool of value neutrality,the gender division of labor in the field of technology reproduces the traditional gender culture,and the new technology field replicates or even strengthens traditional gender concepts and hierarchies.
作者
曹梦洁
章梅芳
CAO Mengjie;ZHANG Meifang
出处
《科学文化评论》
2023年第6期57-73,共17页
Science & Culture Review
基金
国家社科基金年度项目“性别视角下中国近代科技文化研究”(项目编号:20BZX042)
中央高校基本科研业务费项目“中国近现代技术本土化研究”(项目编号:FRF-BR-23-04B)
关键词
女接线生
电话
晚清民国
技术与性别
female telephone operators
telephone technology
Late Qing and Republican China
technology and gender
作者简介
曹梦洁,2000年生,安徽砀山人,北京科技大学科技史与文化遗产研究院硕士研究生。Email:caomengjie_anhui@163.com;通讯作者:章梅芳,1979年生,安徽望江人,北京科技大学科技史与文化遗产研究院教授。Email:zhangmeifang@ustb.edu.cn。
